Mutations of FLT3/ITD confer resistance to multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Mutations of FLT3/ITD confer resistance to multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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DOI:
10.1038/leu.2012.191
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发表时间:
2013-01
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Small, D.
Small, D.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Williams, A. B.;Nguyen, B.;Li, L.;Brown, P.;Levis, M.;Leahy, D.;Small, D.

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FMS 样酪氨酸激酶 3 (FLT3) 通常在造血干细胞/祖细胞的存活/增殖中发挥作用,但其由内部串联重复 (ITD) 突变引起的组成性激活与 AML 的不良预后相关。 FLT3酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)的开发是一种很有前景的策略,但在治疗过程中因突变基因本身的二次突变而产生的耐药性构成了重大挑战。为了预测患者中可能出现的 FLT3 耐药突变,我们使用了 FLT3/ITD 的饱和诱变,然后选择 FLT3 TKI 中的转染细胞。我们在 FLT3/ITD 中发现了 F621L、A627P、F691L 和 Y842C 突变,这些突变赋予 FLT3 TKI 不同水平的耐药性。 Western blotting 证实,在某些突变体中,某些 FLT3 TKI 无法有效抑制 FLT3 自磷酸化和通过 MAP 激酶、STAT5 和 AKT 进行的信号传导。移植 FLT3/ITD Y842C 突变的 Balb/c 小鼠证实体内对索拉非尼产生耐药性,但对来他替尼没有耐药性。这些结果表明患者中可能会遇到越来越多的 FLT3 突变。这些知识与已知的对其他 FLT3 TKI 的剩余敏感性相结合,对于建立在遇到这些突变体时可以替代的辅助药物治疗非常重要。
FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) normally functions in the survival/proliferation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, but its constitutive activation by internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations correlates with a poor prognosis in AML. The development of FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is a promising strategy, but resistance that arises during the course of treatment caused by secondary mutations within the mutated gene itself poses a significant challenge. In an effort to predict FLT3 resistance mutations that might develop in patients, we used saturation mutagenesis of FLT3/ITD followed by selection of transfected cells in FLT3 TKI. We identified F621L, A627P, F691L and Y842C mutations in FLT3/ITD that confer varying levels of resistance to FLT3 TKI. Western blotting confirmed that some FLT3 TKI were ineffective at inhibiting FLT3 autophosphorylation and signaling through MAP kinase, STAT5 and AKT in some mutants. Balb/c mice transplanted with the FLT3/ITD Y842C mutation confirmed resistance to sorafenib in vivo but not to lestaurtinib. These results indicate a growing number of FLT3 mutations that are likely to be encountered in patients. Such knowledge, combined with known remaining sensitivity to other FLT3 TKI, will be important to establish as secondary drug treatments that can be substituted when these mutants are encountered.
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