Tree plantations, politics of possession and the absence of land grabs in Vietnam

Tree plantations, politics of possession and the absence of land grabs in Vietnam
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越南的种植园、占有政治和没有土地掠夺

DOI:
10.1080/03066150.2012.674943
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
The Journal of Peasant Studies
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sikor T
Sikor T
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sikor T

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从“土地掠夺”的透镜来看,越南快速增长的树木种植园看起来像是一个异常现象;其中许多树木种植园规模很小,由农村家庭拥有和经营。相比之下,私营公司和跨国公司一直未能进入越南的种植园业。本文确定了明显异常现象背后的做法和过程。在四个村庄实地考察的基础上,报告指出了家庭获得土地、资金和木材市场的具体机制。政府政策作为一个关键因素出现,使家庭能够获得,不是在一个连贯的一揽子政策的意义上,但被理解为过去三十年来国家形成的日常进程的沉淀结果。对国家的控制的一个核心因素是我所说的“占有政治”:占有,指的是权利和控制,与关于国家的想法密切相关。本文利用这些经验性的观察,有助于对土地掠夺和排斥的理论理解。土地掠夺可能既反映了商品化和市场扩张的过程,也反映了国家形成的动力。
Viewed from the lens of ‘land grabs’, Vietnam’s fast-growing tree plantations look like an anomaly; many of them are tiny, owned and operated by rural households. In contrast, private companies and transnational corporations have not been able to get much of a foot into Vietnam’s plantation sector. This paper identifies the practices and processes underlying the apparent anomaly. On the basis of fieldwork in four villages, it points to the concrete mechanisms by which households have gained access to land, finance, and wood markets. Government policy emerges as a critical factor enabling household access, not in the sense of a coherent policy package but understood as sedimented outcomes of everyday processes of state formation over the past three decades. A central element in contestations over the state is what I call ‘politics of possession’: possession, referring to entitlement and control, has been closely tied to ideas about the state. The paper uses these empirical observations to contribute towards theoretical understandings of land grabs and exclusion. Land grabs may have to say as much about dynamics of state formation as processes of commodification and market expansion.
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