Effector Vγ9Vδ2 T cell response to congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Effector Vγ9Vδ2 T cell response to congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection.
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DOI:
10.1172/jci.insight.138066
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发表时间:
2021-08-23
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Vermijlen D
Vermijlen D
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma L;Papadopoulou M;Taton M;Genco F;Marchant A;Meroni V;Vermijlen D

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成人血液中主要的 γδ T 细胞群是 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞,它们通过微生物来源和内源性磷酸化异戊二烯代谢物(磷酸抗原)以 TCR 依赖性方式激活和扩增。 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞在人类胎儿外周血中也很丰富,但与成人相比,它们具有独特的发育起源,对体外磷酸抗原暴露反应低下,并且不具有细胞毒性效应表型。为了深入了解 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞在人类胎儿中的作用,我们研究了它们对子宫内产生磷酸抗原的寄生虫弓形虫 (T. gondii) 感染的反应。当面临先天性弓形虫感染时,Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞会强烈扩增,这与向强效细胞毒性效应细胞的分化有关。 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞在子宫内的扩增导致出生后 2 个月在 Vγ9Vδ2 TCR 库中产生具有公共种系编码克隆型的胎儿足迹。总的来说,我们的数据表明,人类胎儿从妊娠早期开始就拥有公共 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞,这些细胞在寄生虫感染后获得效应功能。
A major γδ T cell population in human adult blood are the Vγ9Vδ2 T cells that are activated and expanded in a TCR-dependent manner by microbe-derived and endogenously derived phosphorylated prenyl metabolites (phosphoantigens). Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are also abundant in human fetal peripheral blood, but compared with their adult counterparts they have a distinct developmental origin, are hyporesponsive toward in vitro phosphoantigen exposure, and do not possess a cytotoxic effector phenotype. In order to obtain insight into the role of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in the human fetus, we investigated their response to in utero infection with the phosphoantigen-producing parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Vγ9Vδ2 T cells expanded strongly when faced with congenital T. gondii infection, which was associated with differentiation toward potent cytotoxic effector cells. The Vγ9Vδ2 T cell expansion in utero resulted in a fetal footprint with public germline-encoded clonotypes in the Vγ9Vδ2 TCR repertoire 2 months after birth. Overall, our data indicate that the human fetus, from early gestation onward, possesses public Vγ9Vδ2 T cells that acquire effector functions following parasite infections.
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