Counteracting forces of introgressive hybridization and interspecific competition shape the morphological traits of cryptic Iberian Eptesicus bats.

Counteracting forces of introgressive hybridization and interspecific competition shape the morphological traits of cryptic Iberian Eptesicus bats.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-022-15412-2
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发表时间:
2022-07-08
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Juste J
Juste J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Horta P;Raposeira H;Baños A;Ibáñez C;Razgour O;Rebelo H;Juste J

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共存的隐秘物种很可能同时经历强烈的竞争和杂交。第一种现象会导致字符位移,而第二种现象可能通过适应性基因渗入促进形态相似性。这项工作的主要目标是研究当面临种间竞争的抵消进化力量时,渐渗杂交对神秘伊比利亚 Eptesicus 蝙蝠形态的影响。我们发现齿列和翅膀形态特征都有很大的重叠,尽管主要是在同源个体中。杂交种的存在占了这种重叠的五分之一,其中杂交种显示出具有中间形态测量的性状。因此,渐渗杂交可能有助于物种对营养和生态空间的适应,直接响应同域的宏观生境特征和当地猎物的可用性。另一方面,杂交种的毛皮颜色往往比亲本物种更棕色、更亮。颜色差异可能是由于为了适应栖息地和微生境等环境因素而进行的资源划分造成的。我们认为,适应性基因渗入和生态位划分之间的平衡通过影响选择下的形态特征来塑造物种与环境的相互作用。
Cryptic species that coexist in sympatry are likely to simultaneously experience strong competition and hybridization. The first phenomenon would lead to character displacement, whereas the second can potentially promote morphological similarity through adaptive introgression. The main goal of this work was to investigate the effect of introgressive hybridization on the morphology of cryptic Iberian Eptesicus bats when facing counteracting evolutionary forces from interspecific competition. We found substantial overlap both in dentition and in wing morphology traits, though mainly in individuals in sympatry. The presence of hybrids contributes to a fifth of this overlap, with hybrids showing traits with intermediate morphometry. Thus, introgressive hybridization may contribute to species adaptation to trophic and ecological space responding directly to the macro-habitats characteristics of the sympatric zone and to local prey availability. On the other hand, fur shade tended to be browner and brighter in hybrids than parental species. Colour differences could result from partitioning of resources as an adaptation to environmental factors such as roost and microhabitats. We argue that a balance between adaptive introgression and niche partitioning shapes species interactions with the environment through affecting morphological traits under selection.
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