Molecular and evolutionary history of melanism in North American gray wolves.

Molecular and evolutionary history of melanism in North American gray wolves.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1165448
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发表时间:
2009-03-06
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Barsh GS
Barsh GS
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson TM;vonHoldt BM;Candille SI;Musiani M;Greco C;Stahler DR;Smith DW;Padhukasahasram B;Randi E;Leonard JA;Bustamante CD;Ostrander EA;Tang H;Wayne RK;Barsh GS

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近缘物种的形态多样性是进化和适应的重要方面。在鱼类、鸟类和许多哺乳动物的自然种群中,黑色素皮质素1受体(Mc1r)基因的突变有助于色素的多样性。然而,灰狼(Canis lupus)的黑色素病是由一种不同的黑素皮质素通路成分K位点引起的,K位点编码一种β -防御蛋白,该蛋白作为Mc1r的替代配体。研究表明,北美狼的黑色素K位点突变源于过去与家养狗的杂交,在森林栖息地中频率很高,并表现出积极选择的分子特征。同样的突变也会导致土狼、美洲狼和意大利灰狼变黑,因此我们的研究结果表明,在驯化物种中选择的性状如何影响其野生近亲的形态多样性。
Morphological diversity within closely related species is an essential aspect of evolution and adaptation. Mutations in the Melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r) gene contribute to pigmentary diversity in natural populations of fish, birds, and many mammals. However, melanism in the gray wolf, Canis lupus, is caused by a different melanocortin pathway component, the K locus, that encodes a beta-defensin protein that acts as an alternative ligand for Mc1r. We show that the melanistic K locus mutation in North American wolves derives from past hybridization with domestic dogs, has risen to high frequency in forested habitats, and exhibits a molecular signature of positive selection. The same mutation also causes melanism in the coyote, Canis latrans, and in Italian gray wolves, and hence our results demonstrate how traits selected in domesticated species can influence the morphological diversity of their wild relatives.
使用计算机模拟的系统发育网络方法的比较。
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