An Edge-Referenced Surface Fresh Layer in the Beaufort Sea Seasonal Ice Zone

An Edge-Referenced Surface Fresh Layer in the Beaufort Sea Seasonal Ice Zone
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波弗特海季节性冰区的边缘参考表面新鲜层

DOI:
10.1175/jpo-d-16-0158.1
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Zhang, Jinlun
Zhang, Jinlun
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dewey, Sarah R.;Morison, James H.;Zhang, Jinlun

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为了了解导致波弗特海冰缘夏季消退的因素,美国海岸警卫队北极地区意识飞行中的季节性冰区勘察调查 (SIZRS) 每月从 2012 年、2013 年和 2014 年 6 月到 10 月进行。季节性冰区 (SIZ) 是海冰每年融化和重组的地方,包括名义上较窄的边缘冰区 (MIZ),其中混合公海和冰袋过程占主导地位。因此,SIZRS 为较小规模的 MIZ 流程提供了区域背景。使用飞机消耗式电导率-温度-深度探测器进行的观测揭示了与大规模环流环流相关的盐度模式以及随冰缘位置移动的浅层(~20 m)新鲜层的季节性形成。重复占据北纬 72° 至 76°、西经 140° 和 150° 的 SIZRS 线,可以将观测到的水文学与大气指数进行比较。利用这种关系,将流域范围内的盐度信号与与冰边缘相关的新鲜层分开。虽然随着融化季节的进行,该层向北延伸到冰边缘下方,但边缘以南出现低盐度和温暖的温度。在这个新鲜层中,平均盐度与距冰缘的距离相关。盐度观测表明,夏季上层海洋的清新主要是由局部海冰融化和垂直混合引起的。 Price-Weller-Pinkel 模型分析表明,观察到的热含量和密度结构的变化也与一维混合过程一致。
To understand the factors causing the interannual variations in the summer retreat of the Beaufort Sea ice edge, Seasonal Ice Zone Reconnaissance Surveys (SIZRS) aboard U.S. Coast Guard Arctic Domain Awareness flights were made monthly from June to October in 2012, 2013, and 2014. The seasonal ice zone (SIZ) is where sea ice melts and reforms annually and encompasses the nominally narrower marginal ice zone (MIZ) where a mix of open-ocean and ice pack processes prevail. Thus, SIZRS provides a regional context for the smaller-scale MIZ processes. Observations with aircraft expendable conductivity–temperature–depth probes reveal a salinity pattern associated with large-scale gyre circulation and the seasonal formation of a shallow (~20 m) fresh layer moving with the ice edge position. Repeat occupations of the SIZRS lines from 72° to 76°N on 140° and 150°W allow a comparison of observed hydrography to atmospheric indices. Using this relationship, the basinwide salinity signals are separated from the fresh layer associated with the ice edge. While this layer extends northward under the ice edge as the melt season progresses, low salinities and warm temperatures appear south of the edge. Within this fresh layer, average salinity is correlated with distance from the ice edge. The salinity observations suggest that the upper-ocean freshening over the summer is dominated by local sea ice melt and vertical mixing. A Price–Weller–Pinkel model analysis reveals that observed changes in heat content and density structure are also consistent with a 1D mixing process.
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