REVIEW ■ : Long-lasting Effects of Recreational Drugs of Abuse on the Central Nervous System

REVIEW ■ : Long-lasting Effects of Recreational Drugs of Abuse on the Central Nervous System
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回顾 — :滥用消遣性药物对中枢神经系统的长期影响

DOI:
10.1177/107385849700300613
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发表时间:
1997
期刊:
The Neuroscientist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
G. Ricaurte
G. Ricaurte
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
U. Mccann;K. A. Lowe;G. Ricaurte

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尽管关于娱乐性药物对中枢神经系统的急性药理学作用存在丰富的知识,但关于娱乐性药物对中枢神经系统的长期毒性作用知之甚少。最近在非人灵长类动物中发现,用安非他明类似物,如± 3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺(MDMA)治疗,表明这些药物可以产生持久的,可能是永久的,脑5-羟色胺神经支配的变化。同样,用苯环利定(PCP)和相关药物治疗的动物在选定的大脑区域发生神经退行性变化。因此,似乎很清楚,某些精神活性药物有可能引起中枢神经系统结构和功能的持续变化。这篇文章的目的是总结目前的知识,关于几种流行的娱乐性药物,包括摇头丸和相关的安非他明类似物,可卡因,大麻,酒精,PCP,麦角酸(LSD)和阿片类药物的长期影响。目前的知识基础的差距,并提出了建议,为今后的研究工作成熟的领域。神经科学家3:399-411,1997年
Although a wealth of knowledge exists regarding the acute pharmacological effects of recreational drugs on the CNS, much less is known about the long-term toxic effects of recreational drugs on the CNS. Recent findings in nonhuman primates treated with amphetamine analogs, such as ±3,4-methylenedioxymetham phetamine (MDMA), indicate that these drugs can produce long-lasting, probably permanent, changes in brain serotonin innervation. Similarly, animals treated with phencyclidine (PCP) and related drugs develop neurodegenerative changes in selected brain regions. It seems clear, then, that some psychoactive drugs have the potential to produce persistent changes in CNS structure and, possibly, function. The goal of this article is to summarize current knowledge regarding the long-term effects of several popular recreational drugs, including MDMA and related amphetamine analogs, cocaine, marijuana, alcohol, PCP, lysergic acid (LSD), and opiates. Gaps in the current knowledge base are identified, and areas ripe for future research efforts are suggested. NEUROSCIENTIST 3:399-411, 1997
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