A biomechanical model of anther opening reveals the roles of dehydration and secondary thickening.
A biomechanical model of anther opening reveals the roles of dehydration and secondary thickening.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04329.x
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wilson ZA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson MR;Band LR;Dyson RJ;Lessinnes T;Wells DM;Yang C;Everitt NM;Jensen OE;Wilson ZA
了解花粉释放背后的过程是控制肥力以实现选择性育种和杂交作物高效生产的主要目标。花粉释放需要花药开口，这涉及到花药壁生物力学特性的变化。在这项研究中，我们开发并使用了一个数学模型来理解这些生物力学过程是如何导致花药打开的。我们描述花药开孔生物力学的数学模型结合了成熟花药壁的双层结构，其中包括外表皮细胞层，其膨胀压力与其水合作用有关，以及内膜层，其壁含有螺旋状次生增厚，其抗拉伸和弯曲。该模型描述了表皮脱水与增厚的内膜层如何在花药壁内产生力量，使其向外弯曲，导致花药打开和花粉释放。该模型表明表皮脱水可以驱动花药开放，并提示为什么鞘内次生增厚对这一过程至关重要（解释了myb26和nst1nst2突变体的表型）。该研究假设并证明了花药开放的生物力学机制，这似乎在许多其他组织运动发生的生物学情况下是保守的。
Understanding the processes that underlie pollen release is a prime target for controlling fertility to enable selective breeding and the efficient production of hybrid crops. Pollen release requires anther opening, which involves changes in the biomechanical properties of the anther wall. In this research, we develop and use a mathematical model to understand how these biomechanical processes lead to anther opening. Our mathematical model describing the biomechanics of anther opening incorporates the bilayer structure of the mature anther wall, which comprises the outer epidermal cell layer, whose turgor pressure is related to its hydration, and the endothecial layer, whose walls contain helical secondary thickening, which resists stretching and bending. The model describes how epidermal dehydration, in association with the thickened endothecial layer, creates forces within the anther wall causing it to bend outwards, resulting in anther opening and pollen release. The model demonstrates that epidermal dehydration can drive anther opening, and suggests why endothecial secondary thickening is essential for this process (explaining the phenotypes presented in the myb26 and nst1nst2 mutants). The research hypothesizes and demonstrates a biomechanical mechanism for anther opening, which appears to be conserved in many other biological situations where tissue movement occurs.
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