Structural basis for substrate recognition and cleavage by the dimerization-dependent CRISPR-Cas12f nuclease.

Structural basis for substrate recognition and cleavage by the dimerization-dependent CRISPR-Cas12f nuclease.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkab179
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发表时间:
2021-04-19
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Chang L
Chang L
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xiao R;Li Z;Wang S;Han R;Chang L

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Cas12f,也称为 Cas14,是一种非常小的 V-F CRISPR-Cas 核酸酶,其大小大约是同类核酸酶的一半。为了揭示底物识别和裂解的机制,我们分别确定了 Cas12f-sgRNA 靶 DNA 和 Cas12f-sgRNA 复合物在 3.1 和 3.9 Å 的冷冻电镜结构。不对称 Cas12f 二聚体与一个 sgRNA 结合,用于识别和切割含有富含 T 的 PAM 序列的 dsDNA 底物。尽管存在二聚化,Cas12f 在 V 型核酸酶中采用了保守的激活机制,这需要由 crRNA 靶 DNA 异源双链体的形成诱导的协调构象变化,包括 RuvC 结构域的盖子基序中的接近到开放的转变。 Cas12f二聚体中只有一个RuvC结构域被底物识别激活,与激活的RuvC结构域结合的底物被捕获在结构中。结构辅助截短的 sgRNA 长度不到原始 sgRNA 的一半,但仍具有靶 DNA 切割活性。我们的结果扩展了我们对多种 V 型 CRISPR-Cas 核酸酶的理解,并促进了使用微型 Cas12f 的潜在基因组编辑应用。
Cas12f, also known as Cas14, is an exceptionally small type V-F CRISPR–Cas nuclease that is roughly half the size of comparable nucleases of this type. To reveal the mechanisms underlying substrate recognition and cleavage, we determined the cryo-EM structures of the Cas12f-sgRNA-target DNA and Cas12f-sgRNA complexes at 3.1 and 3.9 Å, respectively. An asymmetric Cas12f dimer is bound to one sgRNA for recognition and cleavage of dsDNA substrate with a T-rich PAM sequence. Despite its dimerization, Cas12f adopts a conserved activation mechanism among the type V nucleases which requires coordinated conformational changes induced by the formation of the crRNA-target DNA heteroduplex, including the close-to-open transition in the lid motif of the RuvC domain. Only one RuvC domain in the Cas12f dimer is activated by substrate recognition, and the substrate bound to the activated RuvC domain is captured in the structure. Structure-assisted truncated sgRNA, which is less than half the length of the original sgRNA, is still active for target DNA cleavage. Our results expand our understanding of the diverse type V CRISPR–Cas nucleases and facilitate potential genome editing applications using the miniature Cas12f.
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