A Lymphoid Organ Specific Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factor from Litopenaeus vannamei Exhibits Strong Antimicrobial Activities.
A Lymphoid Organ Specific Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factor from Litopenaeus vannamei Exhibits Strong Antimicrobial Activities.
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凡纳滨对虾的淋巴器官特异性抗脂多糖因子具有很强的抗菌活性。
DOI：
10.3390/md19050250
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发表时间：
2021-04-28
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Li F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun M;Li S;Lv X;Xiang J;Lu Y;Li F
在水产养殖中，不同的虾种对不同的病原体具有明显不同的抗性。然而，这一发现背后的分子机制仍然未知。抗脂多糖因子（ALF）是一类重要的抗菌肽，具有广谱抗菌活性。本文报道了从凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）中新鉴定的一种ALF，并将其与中国对虾（Fenneropenaeus chinensis）的免疫功能进行了比较。该ALF被命名为LvALF8，在南美扁豆的淋巴器官中特异性表达。白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）或副溶血性弧菌攻毒后，LvALF8的表达水平发生明显变化。LvALF8合成的LBD肽（LvALF8-LBD）对大多数革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌均有较强的抗菌活性。LvALF8-LBD还能抑制与FcALF8-LBD相似的WSSV的体内繁殖，这是LvALF8在中国梧桐中的对应物。而LvALF8-LBD和FcALF8-LBD对急性肝胰腺坏死病（AHPND）的主要病原菌副溶血性弧菌（V. parahemolyticus）的抑菌活性存在明显差异。结构分析表明，与FcALF8-LBD相比，LvALF8-LBD肽的净正电荷和两致病性可能是其抗菌活性增强的两个重要因素。这些新发现不仅可能为解释不同虾种间不同的抗病性提供一些证据，而且为lbd源抗菌肽的测试和开发提供新的研究基础，以控制虾类疾病。
Different shrimp species are known to possess apparent distinct resistance to different pathogens in aquaculture. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this finding still remains unknown. One kind of important antimicrobial peptides, anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALF), exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. Here, we reported a newly identified ALF from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and compared the immune function with its counterpart in the shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The ALF, designated as LvALF8, was specifically expressed in the lymphoid organ of L. vannamei. The expression level of LvALF8 was apparently changed after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenges. The synthetic LBD peptide of LvALF8 (LvALF8-LBD) showed strong antibacterial activities against most tested Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. LvALF8-LBD could also inhibit the in vivo propagation of WSSV similar as FcALF8-LBD, the LBD of LvALF8 counterpart in F. chinensis. However, LvALF8-LBD and FcALF8-LBD exhibited apparently different antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus, the main pathogen causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) of affected shrimp. A structural analysis showed that the positive net charge and amphipathicity characteristics of LvALF8-LBD peptide were speculated as two important components for its enhanced antimicrobial activity compared to those of FcALF8-LBD. These new findings may not only provide some evidence to explain the distinct disease resistance among different shrimp species, but also lay out new research ground for the testing and development of LBD-originated antimicrobial peptides to control of shrimp diseases.
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