Multiscale Simulation of Irregular Shape Evolution during the Initial Stage of Zn Electrodeposition on a Negative Electrode Surface

Multiscale Simulation of Irregular Shape Evolution during the Initial Stage of Zn Electrodeposition on a Negative Electrode Surface
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负极表面锌电沉积初始阶段不规则形状演化的多尺度模拟

DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c09569
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Homma Takayuki
Homma Takayuki
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Onabuta Yusuke;Kunimoto Masahiro;Wang Songyi;Fukunaka Yasuhiro;Nakai Hiromi;Homma Takayuki

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Zn是下一代大规模储能装置的有前途的阳极材料。然而,在循环期间其表面上的不规则形状演变导致电极退化。沉积物的形状和晶体结构自然源于沉积物的初始行为。在沉积的初始阶段,微突起在Zn电极上开始,导致不规则的形状演变。本研究的重点是Zn沉积的初始步骤,使用多尺度模拟,包括密度泛函理论(DFT)计算和动力学蒙特卡罗(KMC)模拟。这种模拟允许分析从皮米到纳米尺度的现象,以产生对沉积物相对于特定物种的电子状态的形状演变的机械见解。密度泛函理论计算表明,Zn吸附原子在表面扩散过程中表现出特殊的行为:在(0001)面上的平面扩散较快,层间扩散较慢。KMC模拟结果表明,Zn的表面扩散行为导致了薄膜形状的不规则演化:(i)薄膜(0001)表面的二维六角形核,(ii)吸附原子在第一层上堆积形成层层结构,(iii)层层结构形成山结构,其中顶层呈现小面积;以及(iv)顶层导致突起。因此,(0001)表面和层间扩散速率在不规则形状演化中是重要的。
Zn is a promising anode material for next-generation large-scale energy storage devices. However, irregular shape evolution on its surface during cycling causes electrode degradation. The shapes and crystal structures of the deposits naturally originate from the initial behaviors of the depositions. At the initial stage of deposition, a micro-protrusion initiates on the Zn electrode, leading to an irregular shape evolution. This study focuses on the initial steps of Zn deposition using a multiscale simulation comprising density functional theory (DFT) calculations and kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations. This simulation allows analyses of phenomena from the picometer to the nanometer scale to yield mechanistic insight into the shape evolution of the deposits with respect to the electronic state of a particular species. The DFT calculations indicate that the Zn adatom exhibits specific behavior during surface diffusion: faster flat surface diffusion on the (0001) surface and slower interlayer diffusion. The KMC simulations show an irregular shape evolution based on the surface diffusion behavior of Zn as follows: (i) a two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal nucleation of the (0001) surface occurs on the substrate; (ii) the adatoms accumulate on the first layer to form layer-by-layer structures; (iii) the layer-by-layer structure forms the mountain structure, where the top layer exhibits a small area; and (iv) the top layer results in the protrusion. Therefore, the (0001) surface and interlayer diffusion rates are significant in the irregular shape evolution.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aax6873
发表时间: 2019-11-01
期刊: SCIENCE
影响因子: 56.9
作者:
Zheng, Jingxu;Zhao, Qing;Archer, Lynden A.
通讯作者: Archer, Lynden A.
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DOI: 10.1149/1.2746569
发表时间: 2007
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
R. Stephens;R. Alkire
通讯作者: R. Alkire
DOI: 10.1149/1.3183505
发表时间: 2009
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
R. Stephens;M. Willis;R. Alkire
通讯作者: R. Alkire
DOI: --
发表时间: 1958
期刊: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and physical sciences
影响因子: --
作者:
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