Analysis of immunoglobulin transcripts in the ostrich Struthio camelus, a primitive avian species.
Analysis of immunoglobulin transcripts in the ostrich Struthio camelus, a primitive avian species.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0034346
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zhao Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang T;Zhang M;Wei Z;Wang P;Sun Y;Hu X;Ren L;Meng Q;Zhang R;Guo Y;Hammarstrom L;Li N;Zhao Y
以往对鸟类免疫球蛋白（IG）基因的研究有限（主要是鸡形目和雁形目），但已揭示了几个有趣的特征，包括IgD和IGκ编码基因的缺失、伊加编码基因的倒位以及使用基因转换作为产生抗体库的主要机制。为了更好地了解鸟类的IG基因及其进化发展，我们分析了最原始的鸟类之一鸵鸟（Struthio camelus）的IG基因。与鸡和鸭相似，鸵鸟只表达IgM、伊加和IgY三种IgH链和λ轻链。IgM和IgY恒定结构域与其他脊椎动物中描述的对应物相似。虽然常规的IgM，伊加和IgY的cDNA在鸵鸟中被确定，我们还检测到一个转录编码的短膜结合形式的伊加（缺乏最后两个CH外显子），这是无法检测到的蛋白质水平。未鉴定出IgD或κ编码基因。在表达的重链和轻链V区中存在单个前导肽，表明基因转换在鸵鸟抗体多样性的产生中也起着重要作用。由于鸵鸟是最原始的鸟类之一，这项研究表明，鸟类IG基因的独特特征出现在鸟类物种分化的早期，因此，大多数，如果不是所有的鸟类物种。
Previous studies on the immunoglobulin (Ig) genes in avian species are limited (mainly to galliformes and anseriformes) but have revealed several interesting features, including the absence of the IgD and Igκ encoding genes, inversion of the IgA encoding gene and the use of gene conversion as the primary mechanism to generate an antibody repertoire. To better understand the Ig genes and their evolutionary development in birds, we analyzed the Ig genes in the ostrich (Struthio camelus), which is one of the most primitive birds. Similar to the chicken and duck, the ostrich expressed only three IgH chain isotypes (IgM, IgA and IgY) and λ light chains. The IgM and IgY constant domains are similar to their counterparts described in other vertebrates. Although conventional IgM, IgA and IgY cDNAs were identified in the ostrich, we also detected a transcript encoding a short membrane-bound form of IgA (lacking the last two CH exons) that was undetectable at the protein level. No IgD or κ encoding genes were identified. The presence of a single leader peptide in the expressed heavy chain and light chain V regions indicates that gene conversion also plays a major role in the generation of antibody diversity in the ostrich. Because the ostrich is one of the most primitive living aves, this study suggests that the distinct features of the bird Ig genes appeared very early during the divergence of the avian species and are thus shared by most, if not all, avian species.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0601407103
发表时间：
2006-07-11
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ohta, Yuko;Flajnik, Martin
通讯作者：
Flajnik, Martin
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Haire, RN;Rast, JP;Litman, GW
通讯作者：
Litman, GW
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
MCCORMACK, WT;THOMPSON, CB
通讯作者：
THOMPSON, CB
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Lundqvist, ML;Middleton, DL;Warr, GW
通讯作者：
Warr, GW
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0808800105
发表时间：
2008-10-28
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Das, Sabyasachi;Nikolaidis, Nikolas;Nei, Masatoshi
通讯作者：
Nei, Masatoshi