Effect of diet and cold exposure on norepinephrine turnover in brown adipose tissue of the rat.
Effect of diet and cold exposure on norepinephrine turnover in brown adipose tissue of the rat.
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饮食和寒冷暴露对大鼠棕色脂肪组织中去甲肾上腺素周转的影响。
DOI：
10.1172/jci110541
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Landsberg,L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Young,JB;Saville,E;Rothwell,NJ;Stock,MJ;Landsberg,L
棕色脂肪组织（BAT）是大鼠产热适应性变化的重要部位。富含BAT的交感神经系统被认为在BAT产热的调节中起重要作用，因为儿茶酚胺刺激该组织中的耗氧量，而β肾上腺素能阻断剂抑制该组织中的耗氧量。目前的研究进行直接评估交感神经活动的BAT在响应冷暴露和饮食摄入量的变化，这两者都改变大鼠的产热。在初步实验验证了在肩胛间棕色脂肪组织（IBAT）中使用去甲肾上腺素（NE）周转技术后，根据IBAT中去甲肾上腺素（NE）周转率确定交感神经活性。与环境温度对照相比，急性暴露于4°C使IBAT中的NE周转增加4至12倍，这取决于进行周转测量的间隔，而在心脏中，NE周转响应于相同的冷刺激而加倍。在动物暴露于冷连续10天前的研究，NE营业额测量IBAT和心脏中升高的急性暴露期间获得的。喂养的改变也与IBAT中NE周转的变化相关。禁食2天降低IBAT（-35%，从29.2±4.2 ng NE/h降至18.9±5.9）和心脏（-52%）中的NE转换。在喂食“自助餐”饮食的动物中，大鼠自愿过度喂食的模型，IBAT（从24.8±4.5 ng NE/h增加至51.7±6.8 ng NE/h，增加108%）和心脏（增加66%）中的NE周转增加。由于神经节阻滞在IBAT NE营业额产生了更大的影响，在IBAT NE营业额的增加，这种过度喂养的方案反映了增强中枢交感神经流出。因此，NE营业额技术可以令人满意地应用于IBAT的交感神经系统活动的评估。这里报道的实验表明，在IBAT的交感神经活动的变化，平行已知的适应性变化，在大鼠的产热。这些研究，因此，支持的概念，增加产热的慢性冷暴露和食堂喂养发生类似的机制，并意味着一个重要的作用，部分通过BAT介导的交感神经系统，在调节能量平衡的大鼠。
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an important site of adaptive changes in thermogenesis in the rat. The sympathetic nervous system, which richly supplies BAT, is thought to play an important role in the regulation of BAT thermogenesis because catecholamines stimulate and beta adrenergic blocking agents inhibit oxygen consumption in this tissue. The present studies were carried out to assess directly sympathetic activity in BAT in response to cold exposure and to changes in dietary intake, both of which alter heat production in the rat. Sympathetic activity was determined from the rate of norepinephrine (NE) turnover in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) after preliminary experiments validated the use of NE turnover techniques in IBAT. Acute exposure to 4°C increased NE turnover in IBAT 4- to 12-fold compared with ambient temperature controls, depending upon the interval over which the turnover measurement was made, while in the heart NE turnover doubled in response to the same cold stimulus. In animals exposed to cold continuously for 10 d before study, NE turnover measurements in IBAT and in the heart were elevated comparably to those obtained during acute exposure. Alterations in feeding were also associated with changes in NE turnover in IBAT. Fasting for 2 d decreased NE turnover in IBAT (-35% from 29.2±4.2 ng NE/h to 18.9±5.9) and in heart (-52%). In animals fed a “cafeteria” diet, a model of voluntary overfeeding in the rat, NE turnover was increased in both IBAT (+108% from 24.8±4.5 ng NE/h to 51.7±6.8) and heart (+66%). Because ganglionic blockade exerted a greater effect on NE turnover in IBAT in cafeteria-fed rats than in controls, the increase in NE turnover in IBAT with this overfeeding regimen reflects enhanced central sympathetic outflow. Thus NE turnover techniques can be satisfactorily applied to the assessment of sympathetic nervous system activity in IBAT.The experiments reported here demonstrate changes in sympathetic activity in IBAT that parallel known adaptive changes in heat production in the rat. These studies, therefore, support the concept that the increased thermogenesis of chronic cold exposure and of cafeteria feeding occur by similar mechanisms and imply an important role for the sympathetic nervous system, mediated in part through BAT, in the regulation of energy balance in the rat.
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甲状腺冷适应对棕色脂肪中去甲肾上腺素代谢的影响。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpendo.1977.232.6.e565
发表时间：
1977
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. R. Kennedy;R. P. Hammond;M. Hamolsky
通讯作者：
M. Hamolsky
冷暴露对大鼠周围和中枢肾上腺素能神经元酪氨酸羟化酶的诱导
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
H. Thoenen
通讯作者：
H. Thoenen
甲状腺激素和寒冷暴露对心肌和骨骼肌去甲肾上腺素周转的影响。
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
J. Tedesco;K. V. Flattery;E. A. Sellers
通讯作者：
E. A. Sellers
大鼠肠道体内 3-H-L-多巴的代谢——葡萄糖醛酸结合的证据。
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
L. Landsberg;Martha B. Berardino;Patricio Silva
通讯作者：
Patricio Silva
去甲肾上腺素的差异结合和释放以及快速耐受。
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
L. Potter;J. Axelrod;I. Kopin
通讯作者：
I. Kopin