Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Transport

Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Transport
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核-胞质运输

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-319-77309-4_7
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dixon C
Dixon C
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dixon C

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对于膜蛋白如何进入内核膜,已经提出了几种不同的机制。这些机制包括使用核孔复合物的中心和外周通道的机制,涉及膜中的自由扩散,使用转运受体的定向转运,使用作为其自身转运受体的内核膜蛋白的定向转运,ATP依赖性过程,以及涉及膜融合的机制。然而,报告的差异是否反映了完全不同的机制,相同的基本机制的不同许可步骤,或实验操作的文物仍不清楚。也可以合理地假设存在用于多个机制的硬件,但其中一些是仅在主要机制失效时使用的备用机制。如果是这样的话,还需要考虑生物背景、核孔结构、相关蛋白质和基序的丰度以及不同或竞争机制的能量消耗。在这里,我们评估现有的数据支持这些因素,内核膜蛋白和进化的环境中提出的机制。
Several different mechanisms have been proposed for how membrane proteins access the inner nuclear membrane. These include mechanisms using both the central and peripheral channels of the nuclear pore complexes that involve free diffusion in the membrane, directional transport using transport receptors, directional transport with inner nuclear membrane proteins acting as their own transport receptors, an ATP-dependent process, and mechanisms involving membrane fusion. However, whether the differences reported reflect fully distinct mechanisms, different licensing steps for the same fundamental mechanism, or artifacts of experimental manipulation remains unclear. It is also reasonable to postulate that the hardware for multiple mechanisms exists but that some are backup mechanisms only used if the primary mechanism fails. If such is the case, there is also to consider the biological context, nuclear pore architecture, abundance of relevant proteins and motifs, and energy expenditure for different or competing mechanisms. Here, we evaluate existing data supporting these proposed mechanisms in context of these factors, the milieu of inner nuclear membrane proteins and evolution.
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