Novel Mode of nanoLuciferase Packaging in SARS-CoV-2 Virions and VLPs Provides Versatile Reporters for Virus Production.

Novel Mode of nanoLuciferase Packaging in SARS-CoV-2 Virions and VLPs Provides Versatile Reporters for Virus Production.
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DOI:
10.3390/v15061335
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发表时间:
2023-06-07
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Frydman J
Frydman J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gullberg RC;Frydman J

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SARS-CoV-2是冠状病毒科中的一种正链RNA病毒,在全球范围内引起发病率和死亡率。为了更好地理解导致SARS-CoV-2病毒组装的分子途径,我们检测了共表达所有结构蛋白以及编码纳米荧光素酶(nanoLuciferase,本文中nLuc)的mRNA报告基因的病毒样颗粒(VLP)系统。令人惊讶的是,19 kDa nLuc蛋白本身被掺入VLP中,提供了比nLuc mRNA本身更好的报告基因。引人注目的是,用SARS-CoV-2、NL 63或OC 43冠状病毒感染表达nLuc的细胞产生了含有包装的nLuc的病毒体,这些病毒体用于报告病毒的产生。相比之下,感染黄病毒、登革热或寨卡病毒不会导致nLuc包装和分泌。一组报告蛋白变体显示,包装是大小有限的,需要细胞质表达,这表明冠状病毒的大病毒体可以包封小的细胞质报告蛋白。我们的研究结果为测量冠状病毒颗粒产生、排出和病毒进入机制的强大新方法开辟了道路。
SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-strand RNA virus in the Coronaviridae family that is responsible for morbidity and mortality worldwide. To better understand the molecular pathways leading to SARS-CoV-2 virus assembly, we examined a virus-like particle (VLP) system co-expressing all structural proteins together with an mRNA reporter encoding nanoLuciferase (herein nLuc). Surprisingly, the 19 kDa nLuc protein itself was encapsidated into VLPs, providing a better reporter than nLuc mRNA itself. Strikingly, infecting nLuc-expressing cells with the SARS-CoV-2, NL63 or OC43 coronaviruses yielded virions containing packaged nLuc that served to report viral production. In contrast, infection with the flaviviruses, dengue or Zika, did not lead to nLuc packaging and secretion. A panel of reporter protein variants revealed that the packaging is size-limited and requires cytoplasmic expression, indicating that the large virion of coronaviruses can encaspidate a small cytoplasmic reporter protein. Our findings open the way for powerful new approaches to measure coronavirus particle production, egress and viral entry mechanisms.
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