Riverscape mapping and hyperscale analysis of the sediment links concept

Riverscape mapping and hyperscale analysis of the sediment links concept
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河流景观测绘和沉积物链接概念的超尺度分析

DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.106920
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Fonstad, Mark
Fonstad, Mark
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zettler-Mann, Aaron;Fonstad, Mark

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河道复杂性的纵向模式在我们理解河流系统中起着重要的作用。支流、滑坡和泥石流等外部控制因素的空间尺度改变了河道形态,并影响了更广泛的全流域河道形态趋势。跨流域的河道复杂性对我们如何概念化河道形态中的全流域趋势(如下游水力几何形状和沉积物连接概念)具有重要意义。本研究采用超大尺度方法来绘制俄勒冈州西南部罗格河200公里的河道形态-这是大空间范围内的高分辨率数据,允许在多个空间尺度上同时进行分析。使用sUAS和数字photoseiving,我们测量了研究区暴露的砾石坝砾石。我们还测量了在现场使用单波束回声测深深泓深度。利用现有的GIS数据集推导出坡度和河道宽度。我们使用这些数据创建罗格河的超大尺度视图,检查支流和非支流沉积物连接的影响。我们使用了统计方法来确定是否在通道形式的变化是真正独特的背景下,大规模的通道变异。我们的研究结果表明,变量之间的横向沉积物来源(LSS)的统计学意义不一致-例如,坡度的统计学显著变化不一定与单位流功率的增加相关。有许多LSS触发了统计学上显着的变化,以通道的形式。我们使用超大尺度图来揭示与给定沉积物链和通道形式之间的关系相关的复杂性和空间趋势。本研究的结果说明了复杂性,沉积物链接影响通道的形式和距离低于一个给定的沉积物链接,一个可检测的信号存在,如果一个可检测的信号存在。
Longitudinal patterns in channel complexity play an important role in our understanding of fluvial systems. The spatial scales over which external controls such as tributaries, landslides and debris flows, alter channel form and influence the broader basin-wide trends in channel form. Channel complexity across a basin has important implications for how we conceptualize basin-wide trends in channel form such as downstream hydraulic geometry and the sediment links concept. This study takes a hyperscale approach to mapping channel morphology across 200 km of the Rogue River in Southwest Oregon - that is high-resolution data over large spatial extents allowing analysis to be conducted simultaneously at and across multiple spatial scales. Using a sUAS and digital photosieving we measured gravels on exposed gravel bars for the study area. We also measured thalweg depth in the field using a singlebeam echo sounder. Slope and channel width were derived using existing GIS datasets. We used these data to create a hyperscale view of the Rogue River examining the impact of tributary and non-tributary sediment links. We used a statistical approach to determine if changes in channel form were truly unique in the context of larger-scale channel variability. Our findings show inconsistent statistical significance of the identified lateral sediment sources (LSS) between variables - e.g. a statistically significant change in slope would not necessarily correlate with an increase in unit stream power. There were many LSS which triggered statistically significant changes to channel form. We used hyperscale graphs to reveal the complexity and spatial trends associated with the relationships between a given sediment link and channel form. The results of this study illustrate the complexity with which sediment links impact channel form and the distances below a given sediment link that a detectable signal exists, if a detectable signal exists.
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