A comparison of HIV stigma and discrimination in five international sites: the influence of care and treatment resources in high prevalence settings.
A comparison of HIV stigma and discrimination in five international sites: the influence of care and treatment resources in high prevalence settings.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.04.002
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发表时间：
2009-06
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Fritz, Katherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maman, Suzanne;Abler, Laurie;Parker, Lisa;Lane, Tim;Chirowodza, Admire;Ntogwisangu, Jacob;Srirak, Namtip;Modiba, Precious;Murima, Oliver;Fritz, Katherine
是什么导致不同高流行地区的艾滋病毒耻辱感存在差异？本研究旨在调查五个高流行地区的艾滋病毒耻辱和歧视情况。定性数据是作为美国国家心理健康研究所 (NIMH) 接受项目的一部分收集的，该项目是一项基于社区的艾滋病毒自愿咨询和检测的多地点社区随机试验。对 5 个地点的 655 名参与者进行了深入访谈，其中 4 个地点位于撒哈拉以南非洲地区，1 个地点位于东南亚。采访是由训练有素的研究人员用当地语言进行的。数据经过录音、转录、翻译、编码和计算机化以进行专题数据分析。参与者描述了对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLWHA）长期存在的污名化态度和行为。造成艾滋病毒耻辱和歧视的因素包括对传播的恐惧、对痛苦和死亡的恐惧以及照顾艾滋病毒感染者的负担。感染者的家庭、抗逆转录病毒药物和其他资源的获取以及自我保护行为可以防止艾滋病毒耻辱和歧视。旨在减轻艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的卫生和社会经济资源的可用性差异有助于解释不同环境中艾滋病毒耻辱和歧视的差异。增加获得治疗和护理资源的机会可能有助于降低艾滋病毒耻辱感，但仅提供服务还不够。随着受艾滋病毒流行影响最严重的地区的治疗和护理资源的增加，我们需要采取有效的策略来减少艾滋病毒的耻辱。
What accounts for differences in HIV stigma across different high prevalence settings? This study was designed to examine HIV stigma and discrimination in five high prevalence settings. Qualitative data were collected as part of the US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Project Accept, a multi-site community randomized trial of community-based HIV voluntary counseling and testing. In-depth interviews were conducted with 655 participants in five sites, four in Sub-Saharan Africa and one in Southeast Asia. Interviews were conducted in the local languages by trained research staff. Data were audiotaped, transcribed, translated, coded and computerized for thematic data analysis. Participants described the stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors perpetuated against people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The factors that contribute to HIV stigma and discrimination include fear of transmission, fear of suffering and death, and the burden of caring for PLWHA. The family, access to antiretrovirals and other resources, and self-protective behaviors of PLWHA protected against HIV stigma and discrimination. Variation in the availability of health and socioeconomic resources designed to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS helps explain differences in HIV stigma and discrimination across the settings. Increasing access to treatment and care resources may function to lower HIV stigma, however providing services is not enough. We need effective strategies to reduce HIV stigma as treatment and care resources are scaled up in the settings that are most heavily impacted by the HIV epidemic.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Dlamini, Priscilla S.;Kohi, TheclaW.;Makoae, Lucy N.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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