Advanced Neuromonitoring Modalities on the Horizon: Detection and Management of Acute Brain Injury in Children.

Advanced Neuromonitoring Modalities on the Horizon: Detection and Management of Acute Brain Injury in Children.
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DOI:
10.1007/s12028-023-01690-9
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发表时间:
2023-06
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Hwang, Misun
Hwang, Misun
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ko, Tiffany S.;Catennacio, Eva;Shin, Samuel S.;Stern, Joseph;Massey, Shavonne L.;Kilbaugh, Todd J.;Hwang, Misun

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及时发现和监测儿童急性脑损伤对于减轻损伤原因和预防继发性损伤至关重要。危重症儿童生存率的提高凸显了神经保护管理策略对长期生活质量的重要性。在急诊和重症监护环境中,传统的神经影像学方法,如计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像(MRI),仍然是检测急性脑损伤的一线诊断技术。尽管结构和解剖异常的检测仍然至关重要,但评估脑生理功能改变的先进MRI序列具有独特的诊断用途。头颅超声已成为一种便携式神经影像学方法,可通过评估解剖和灌注异常进行床旁诊断。脑电图和近红外光谱技术的应用为在床边实时检测和针对性管理神经系统异常提供了机会。在这篇综述中,我们描述了这些神经诊断方法的最新技术进展,并详细阐述了它们在急性脑损伤检测和管理中的当前及潜在用途。
Timely detection and monitoring of acute brain injury in children is essential to mitigate causes of injury and prevent secondary insults. Increasing survival in critically ill children has emphasized the importance of neuroprotective management strategies for long-term quality of life. In emergent and critical care settings, traditional neuroimaging modalities, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), remain frontline diagnostic techniques to detect acute brain injury. Although detection of structural and anatomical abnormalities remains crucial, advanced MRI sequences assessing functional alterations in cerebral physiology provide unique diagnostic utility. Head ultrasound has emerged as a portable neuroimaging modality for point-of-care diagnosis via assessments of anatomical and perfusion abnormalities. Application of electroencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy provides the opportunity for real-time detection and goal-directed management of neurological abnormalities at the bedside. In this review, we describe recent technological advancements in these neurodiagnostic modalities and elaborate on their current and potential utility in the detection and management of acute brain injury.
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