Aging: All roads lead to mitochondria.
Aging: All roads lead to mitochondria.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.02.006
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Lee, Changhan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Son, Jyung Mean;Lee, Changhan
早在 1890 年，Ernster 和 Schatz (1981) 就将线粒体描述为普遍存在的细胞内结构。从那时起，上个世纪知识的积累揭示了线粒体的许多分子细节，包括线粒体起源、结构、代谢、遗传学和信号传导，以及它们对健康和疾病的影响。我们现在知道线粒体具有显着的多功能性，并且与许多重要的细胞过程密切相关。它们是准自我细胞器，仍然拥有其细菌祖先的残余，包括独立的基因组。线粒体自由基衰老理论 (MFRTA) 假设衰老是线粒体 DNA 氧化损伤的产物，该理论提供了一个概念框架，将线粒体纳入衰老研究的范畴。然而，最近有几项研究对该理论的普遍有效性提出了挑战，支持基于新证据的新想法，以了解线粒体如何导致衰老和与年龄相关的疾病。研究的一个突出主题在于，线粒体不仅是生物能量学和大分子的生产场所，而且还是在细胞和有机体水平上沟通和协调许多重要生理过程的调节中心。共同进化的线粒体和核基因组之间的双向通讯和协调在细胞调节方面特别有趣。线粒体具有动态性和适应性，使其功能对细胞环境敏感。具有高能量需求的组织，例如大脑，似乎特别受到年龄依赖性线粒体功能障碍的影响，这为开发基于线粒体的新型治疗和诊断奠定了基础。
Mitochondria were described as early as 1890 as ubiquitous intracellular structures by Ernster and Schatz (1981). Since then, the accretion of knowledge in the past century has revealed much of the molecular details of mitochondria, ranging from mitochondrial origin, structure, metabolism, genetics, and signaling, and their implications in health and disease. We now know that mitochondria are remarkably multifunctional and deeply intertwined with many vital cellular processes. They are quasi-self organelles that still possess remnants of its bacterial ancestry, including an independent genome. The mitochondrial free radical theory of aging (MFRTA), which postulated that aging is a product of oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA, provided a conceptual framework that put mitochondria on the map of aging research. However, several studies have more recently challenged the general validity of the theory, favoring novel ideas based on emerging evidence to understand how mitochondria contribute to aging and age-related diseases. One prominent topic of investigation lies on the fact that mitochondria are not only production sites for bioenergetics and macromolecules, but also regulatory hubs that communicate and coordinate many vital physiological processes at the cellular and organismal level. The bi-directional communication and coordination between the co-evolved mitochondrial and nuclear genomes is especially interesting in terms of cellular regulation. Mitochondria are dynamic and adaptive, rendering their function sensitive to cellular context. Tissues with high energy demands, such as the brain, seem to be uniquely affected by age-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction, providing a foundation for the development of novel mitochondrial-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Ameur A;Stewart JB;Freyer C;Hagström E;Ingman M;Larsson NG;Gyllensten U
通讯作者：
Gyllensten U
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
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影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Area-Gomez, Estela;Castillo, Maria Del Carmen Lara;Tambini, Marc D.;Guardia-Laguarta, Cristina;de Groof, Ad J. C.;Madra, Moneek;Ikenouchi, Junichi;Umeda, Masato;Bird, Thomas D.;Sturley, Stephen L.;Schon, Eric A.
通讯作者：
Schon, Eric A.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Chen, Jin;Brunner, Andreas-David;Weissman, Jonathan S.
通讯作者：
Weissman, Jonathan S.
DOI：
10.18632/aging.100943
发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
Aging
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cobb LJ;Lee C;Xiao J;Yen K;Wong RG;Nakamura HK;Mehta HH;Gao Q;Ashur C;Huffman DM;Wan J;Muzumdar R;Barzilai N;Cohen P
通讯作者：
Cohen P