Quantifying global climate feedbacks, responses and forcing under abrupt and gradual CO2 forcing
Quantifying global climate feedbacks, responses and forcing under abrupt and gradual CO2 forcing
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量化突然和渐进二氧化碳强迫下的全球气候反馈、响应和强迫
DOI：
10.1007/s00382-013-1677-0
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Long D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Long D
co2强迫突变实验可以根据快速的温度独立调整和缓慢的线性温度依赖反馈来诊断全球平均温度和降水的响应。在这里，我们比较了作为耦合模式比对项目（CMIP5）第5版的一部分进行的实验中的响应、反馈和强迫。这些实验首次促进了在线性增加和突变辐射强迫下完全耦合的大气-海洋环流模式（GCM）的比较。在co2浓度每年复合增加1%的情况下，我们发现，地表气温随时间的非线性演变与大气顶部辐射平衡的线性演变相结合，导致反馈参数和有效气候敏感性与从4× co2强迫突变实验中计算的值相抵消。大气顶部辐射平衡的线性演变也导致了1%实验中使用线性理论预测的全球平均降水响应与实验本身诊断的全球平均降水响应之间的偏移，以及调整后的辐射强迫与使用标准线性公式产生的辐射强迫之间的潜在误差。在RCP8.5情景中，温度和降水响应的非线性演变也很明显，这对理解、量化和模拟CMIP5气候GCMs的全球响应具有重要意义。
Experiments with abrupt CO2forcing allow the diagnosis of the response of global mean temperature and precipitation in terms of fast temperature independent adjustments and slow, linear temperature-dependent feedbacks. Here we compare responses, feedbacks and forcings in experiments performed as part of version 5 of the coupled model inter-comparison project (CMIP5). The experiments facilitate, for the first time, a comparison of fully coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (GCM’s) under both linearly increasing and abrupt radiative forcing. In the case of a 1 % per year compounded increase in CO2concentration, we find that the non-linear evolution of surface air temperature in time, when combined with the linear evolution of the radiative balance at the top of the atmosphere, results in a feedback parameter and effective climate sensitivity having an offset compared to values computed from abrupt 4× CO2forcing experiments. The linear evolution of the radiative balance at the top of the atmosphere also contributes to an offset between the global mean precipitation response predicted in the 1 % experiment using linear theory and that diagnosed from the experiments themselves, and a potential error between the adjusted radiative forcing and that produced using a standard linear formula. The non-linear evolution of temperature and precipitation responses are also evident in the RCP8.5 scenario and have implications for understanding, quantifying and emulating the global response of the CMIP5 climate GCMs.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
P. Good;William Ingram;William Ingram;F. H. Lambert;J. Lowe;J. M. Gregory;J. M. Gregory;M. Webb;M. Ringer;P. Wu
通讯作者：
P. Good;William Ingram;William Ingram;F. H. Lambert;J. Lowe;J. M. Gregory;J. M. Gregory;M. Webb;M. Ringer;P. Wu
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
J. Gregory;M. Webb
通讯作者：
J. Gregory;M. Webb
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Good, Peter;Gregory, Jonathan M.;Lowe, Jason A.
通讯作者：
Lowe, Jason A.
二氧化碳强迫引起半直接效应，对气候反馈解释产生影响
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
T. Andrews;P. Forster
通讯作者：
P. Forster
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Good, Peter;Gregory, Jonathan M.;Andrews, Timothy
通讯作者：
Andrews, Timothy