Insights into Dietary Switch in Cetaceans: Evidence from Molecular Evolution of Proteinases and Lipases
Insights into Dietary Switch in Cetaceans: Evidence from Molecular Evolution of Proteinases and Lipases
复制标题
深入了解鲸类动物的饮食转变：来自蛋白酶和脂肪酶分子进化的证据
DOI：
10.1007/s00239-020-09952-2
复制
发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ren Wenhua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Guiting;Wei Huiyuan;Bi Juanjuan;Ding Xiaoyue;Li Lili;Xu Shixia;Yang Guang;Ren Wenhua
化石证据表明鲸类是从偶蹄目动物进化而来的。因此，有一个重大的饮食变化，从草食性食肉动物从陆地过渡到水生环境。然而，这种饮食转换背后的分子进化机制还没有得到很好的研究。鲸目动物消化蛋白酶和脂肪酶的正选择性证据是：（1）对于本研究中检测的四个胰腺蛋白酶家族（羧肽酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶和弹性蛋白酶），每个家族仅包括单个完整基因（例如，CPA 1、PRSS 1、CTRC和CELA 3B）没有ORF破坏或过早终止密码子，而每个家族的其他成员已被假基因化。进一步的选择压力分析表明，有三个基因（PRSS 1，CTRC和CELA 3B）在鲸类中受到显著的正选择。(2)对于来自胃的消化蛋白酶，PGA被鉴定为正选择。(3)脂肪酶基因PLRP 2在鲸类中也存在强烈的正选择作用。此外，在12个功能基因中的10个中，确定了鲸目动物和食肉动物之间的平行/会聚氨基酸取代，这两组哺乳动物进化出了相似的摄食习惯。虽然假基因化导致每个家族的胰腺蛋白酶在鲸类基因组中只保留一个完整的基因拷贝，但正选择可能促使胰腺蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶和脂肪酶适应性地进化出更强的能力，以消化来自动物食物的相对较高比例的蛋白质和脂质。本研究为研究鲸类从陆地向海洋过渡过程中食物结构变化的分子机制提供了新的思路。
Fossil evidence suggests that cetaceans evolved from artiodactylans. Thus, there was a major dietary change from herbivorous to carnivorous during their transition from a terrestrial to an aquatic environment. However, the molecular evolutionary mechanisms underlying this dietary switch have not been well investigated. Evidence of positive selection of digestive proteinases and lipases of cetaceans was detected: (1) For the four pancreatic proteinase families (carboxypeptidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase) examined in this study, each family included only a single intact gene (e.g.,CPA1,PRSS1,CTRC, andCELA3B) that had no ORF-disrupted or premature stop codons, whereas other members of each family had become pseudogenized. Further selective pressure analysis showed that three genes (PRSS1,CTRC, andCELA3B) were subjected to significant positive selection in cetaceans. (2) For digestive proteinases from the stomach,PGAwas identified to be under positive selection. (3) Intense positive selection was also detected for the lipase genePLRP2in cetaceans. In addition, parallel /convergent amino acid substitutions between cetaceans and carnivores, two groups of mammals that have evolved similar feeding habits, were identified in 10 of the 12 functional genes. Although pseudogenization resulted in each family of pancreatic proteinases only retaining one intact gene copy in cetacean genomes, positive selection might have driven pancreatic proteinases, stomach proteinases, and lipases to adaptively evolve a stronger ability to digest a relatively higher proportion of proteins and lipids from animal foods. This study can provide some novel insights into the molecular mechanism of cetacean dietary changes during their transition from land to sea.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
8
作者：
J. Watkins
通讯作者：
J. Watkins
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
FELLENIUS, E;BERGLINDH, T;WALLMARK, B
通讯作者：
WALLMARK, B
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Minh BQ;Nguyen MA;von Haeseler A
通讯作者：
von Haeseler A
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
C. Freeman;E. Jack;L. Smith
通讯作者：
C. Freeman;E. Jack;L. Smith