The genomic basis of evolved virus resistance is dependent on environmental resources

The genomic basis of evolved virus resistance is dependent on environmental resources
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进化病毒抗性的基因组基础依赖于环境资源

DOI:
10.1101/666404
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Roberts K
Roberts K
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roberts K

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寄生虫对寄主施加了强烈的选择,但进化出的抗性水平可能受到资源可用性的限制。然而,确定这种资源介导的选择的基因组基础的研究很少,特别是在非模式生物中。在这里,我们研究了营养在鳞翅目害虫对DNA病毒(PiGV)抗性进化中的作用及其相关的权衡。通过选择实验和全基因组测序,我们确定了在选择过程中依赖于营养环境的可能的抗性机制。我们发现抗性的进化是特定于饮食的,当在高营养饮食上受到病原体的挑战时,对低营养饮食的适应抑制了抗性。在低营养环境中的抵抗力与生长速度呈负相关,这与免疫和发育之间的既定权衡一致。对寄主的全基因组重新测序表明,抗性机制是高度多基因的,并提出了在遗传水平上进行权衡的证据。至关重要的是,当种群在高资源条件下进化时,抗性与新陈代谢和免疫途径有关,但当在低营养条件下选择时,它与细胞骨架组织更密切相关。我们的结果强调了资源在耐药性演变中的重要性。
Parasites impose strong selection on their hosts, but the level of resistance evolved may be constrained by the availability of resources. However, studies identifying the genomic basis of such resource mediated selection are rare, particularly in non-model organisms. Here, we investigated the role of nutrition in the evolution of resistance to a DNA virus (PiGV), and associated trade-offs, in a lepidopteran pest species (Plodia interpunctella). Through selection experiments and whole genome sequencing we identify putative mechanisms of resistance that depend on the nutritional environment during selection. We find that the evolution of resistance is specific to diet, with adaptation to a low nutrition diet constraining resistance when challenged with the pathogen on a high nutrition diet. Resistance in a low nutrition environment is negatively correlated with growth rate, consistent with an established trade-off between immunity and development. Whole genome resequencing of the host shows that resistance mechanisms are highly polygenic and suggests evidence for trade-offs at the genetic level. Critically when populations evolve in high resource conditions, resistance is linked to metabolic and immune pathways, however it is more closely associated with cytoskeleton organisation when selected under low nutrition. Our results emphasise the importance of resources on the evolution of resistance.
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