Metal and Metalloid Contaminants in Atmospheric Aerosols from Mining Operations.
Metal and Metalloid Contaminants in Atmospheric Aerosols from Mining Operations.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11270-011-0777-x
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发表时间：
2011-10
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Betterton, Eric A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Csavina, Janae;Landazuri, Andrea;Wonaschuetz, Anna;Rine, Kyle;Rheinheimer, Paul;Barbaris, Brian;Conant, William;Saez, Avelino Eduardo;Betterton, Eric A.
采矿作业是空气中金属和类金属污染物的潜在来源，既包括冶炼厂的直接排放，也包括矿山尾矿的风蚀。气候模型预测，美国西南部将出现更温暖、更干燥的气候条件，这可能会使受污染的大气尘埃和气溶胶变得越来越重要，对人类健康和生态产生潜在的有害影响。诸如冶炼作业产生的细小颗粒可能比较粗的尾矿粉尘更容易分散到环境中。细颗粒还能更深入地渗透到人体呼吸系统中，由于其高比表面积，可能变得更具有生物可利用性。在这项工作中，我们报告了在亚利桑那州一个活跃的采矿和冶炼地点附近一年中采样的大气气溶胶的大小分馏化学特征。采用10级（气动直径0.054 ~ 18 μm）多孔均匀沉积冲击器（MOUDI）、扫描迁移率粒度仪（SMPS）和总悬浮颗粒收集器（TSP）对气溶胶进行了表征。MOUDI结果表明，砷和铅的浓度呈双峰型分布，最大浓度集中在0.3 μm和7.0 μm直径附近。我们假设亚微米砷和铅是冶炼蒸汽冷凝和混凝的产物。在粗粒度中，污染物被认为是来自矿山尾矿和其他来源的风沙。超细颗粒数浓度（SMPS）观测显示，当风来自冶炼作业现场大方向时，SMPS读数最高。
Mining operations are potential sources of airborne metal and metalloid contaminants through both direct smelter emissions and wind erosion of mine tailings. The warmer, drier conditions predicted for the Southwestern US by climate models may make contaminated atmospheric dust and aerosols increasingly important, with potential deleterious effects on human health and ecology. Fine particulates such as those resulting from smelting operations may disperse more readily into the environment than coarser tailings dust. Fine particles also penetrate more deeply into the human respiratory system, and may become more bioavailable due to their high specific surface area. In this work, we report the size-fractionated chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosols sampled over a period of a year near an active mining and smelting site in Arizona. Aerosols were characterized with a 10-stage (0.054 to 18 μm aerodynamic diameter) multiple orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI), a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), and a total suspended particulate (TSP) collector. The MOUDI results show that arsenic and lead concentrations follow a bimodal distribution, with maxima centered at approximately 0.3 and 7.0 μm diameter. We hypothesize that the sub-micron arsenic and lead are the product of condensation and coagulation of smelting vapors. In the coarse size, contaminants are thought to originate as aeolian dust from mine tailings and other sources. Observation of ultrafine particle number concentration (SMPS) show the highest readings when the wind comes from the general direction of the smelting operations site.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Taylor, Mark P.;Mackay, Alana K.;Holz, Elmar
通讯作者：
Holz, Elmar
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Krzyzanowski, Michal;Cohen, Aaron
通讯作者：
Cohen, Aaron
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0811486106
发表时间：
2009-03-24
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Paytan, Adina;Mackey, Katherine R. M.;Postf, Anton F.
通讯作者：
Postf, Anton F.
DOI：
10.1002/adic.200590033
发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
ANNALI DI CHIMICA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Mancinelli, V;Decesari, S;Mangani, F
通讯作者：
Mangani, F
影响因子：
5
作者：
Barbaris, B;Betterton, EA
通讯作者：
Betterton, EA