Cancer genes generated by rare chromosomal rearrangements rather than activation of oncogenes.

Cancer genes generated by rare chromosomal rearrangements rather than activation of oncogenes.
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癌症基因是由罕见的染色体重排而不是癌基因激活产生的。

DOI:
10.1007/bf02934512
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发表时间:
1987
期刊:
Medical oncology and tumor pharmacotherapy
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Duesberg,PH
Duesberg,PH
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Duesberg,PH

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20 种已知的逆转录病毒转化基因由从细胞基因转导的序列定义,称为原癌基因或细胞癌基因。基于这些序列,病毒癌基因被假定为转导的细胞癌基因,原癌基因被假定为潜在的癌基因,可以从细胞内激活以引起病毒阴性肿瘤。该假说很受欢迎,因为它有望直接获取细胞癌症基因。然而,潜在癌症基因的存在呈现出一个悖论,因为这些基因显然是不受欢迎的。该假说预测(i)病毒癌基因和原癌基因是同基因的,(ii)原癌基因的表达诱导肿瘤,(iii)激活的原癌基因在转染后转化二倍体细胞,如病毒癌基因,以及(iv)存在的二倍体肿瘤与正常细胞的区别仅在于转录或突变激活的原癌基因。到目前为止,这些预测都没有得到证实。此外,体内自发转化的概率比根据激活原癌基因的机制预测的至少低 109 倍。因此,原癌基因是潜在细胞癌基因的假设似乎是对病毒癌基因结构和功能同源性的序列同源性的过度解释。这里提出,只有罕见的截断和非法重组才会改变细胞基因的种系配置,产生病毒基因和可能的细胞癌基因。在肿瘤细胞中持续发现的克隆染色体异常是可能产生癌症基因的重排的微观证据。克隆性表明肿瘤是由这些异常引发的,也可能是由这些异常引发的,正如 Boveri 在 1914 年预测的那样 (Zur Frage der Entstehung maligner Tumoren, Jena, Fischer)。
The 20 known transformingoncgenes of retroviruses are defined by sequences that are transduced from cellular genes, termed proto-oncogenes or cellular oncogenes. Based on these sequences, viraloncgenes have been postulated to be transduced cellular cancer genes and proto-oncgenes have been postulated to be latent cancer genes that can be activated from within the cell to cause virus-negative tumors. The hypothesis is popular because it promises direct access to cellular cancer genes. However, the existence of latent cancer genes presents a paradox since such genes are clearly undesirable. The hypothesis predicts (i) that viraloncgenes and proto-oncgenes are isogenic, (ii) that expression of proto-oncgenes induces tumors, (iii) that activated proto-oncgenes transform diploid cells upon transfection, like viraloncgenes, and (iv) that diploid tumors exist that differ from normal cells only in transcriptionally or mutationally activated proto-oncgenes. As yet, none of these predictions is confirmed. Moreover, the probability of spontaneous transformationin vivois at least 109times lower than predicted from the mechanisms thought to activate proto-oncgenes. Therefore the hypothesis, that proto-oncgenes are latent cellular oncogenes, appears to be an overinterpretation of sequence homology to structural and functional homology with viraloncgenes. Here it is proposed that only rare truncations and illegitimate recombinations that alter the germline configuration of cellular genes, generate viral and possibly cellular cancer genes. The clonal chromosome abnormalities that are consistently found in tumor cells are microscopic evidence for rearrangements that may generate cancer genes. The clonality indicates that the tumors are initiated with, and possibly by, these abnormalities as predicted by Boveri in 1914 (Zur Frage der Entstehung maligner Tumoren, Jena, Fischer).
细菌的感染性遗传。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1953
期刊: Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
影响因子: --
作者:
N. Zinder
通讯作者: N. Zinder
定义鸡原型 fps 基因的边界,该基因是藤波肉瘤病毒的前体。
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(85)90014-5
发表时间: 1985
期刊: Virology
影响因子: 3.7
作者:
Pfaff,SL;Zhou,RP;Young,JC;Hayflick,J;Duesberg,PH
通讯作者: Duesberg,PH
通过与禽骨髓细胞瘤病毒 MC29 的转化基因 delta gag-myc 比较,鸡 c-myc 基因的核苷酸序列分析揭示了同源且独特的编码区。
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.8.2146
发表时间: 1983
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
Watson,DK;Reddy,EP;Duesberg,PH;Papas,TS
通讯作者: Papas,TS
转化逆转录病毒的基因。
DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1980.044.01.005
发表时间: 1980
期刊: Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology
影响因子: --
作者:
Duesberg,PH
通讯作者: Duesberg,PH
与肉瘤细胞转化相关的细胞和病毒序列的比较分析。
DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1980.044.01.081
发表时间: 1980
期刊: Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology
影响因子: --
作者:
Wang,LH;Snyder,P;Hanafusa,T;Moscovici,C;Hanafusa,H
通讯作者: Hanafusa,H