Reforming the International Monetary System in the 1970s and 2000s: Would a Special Drawing Right Substitution Account Have Worked?

Reforming the International Monetary System in the 1970s and 2000s: Would a Special Drawing Right Substitution Account Have Worked?
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20 世纪 70 年代和 2000 年代的国际货币体系改革:特别提款权替代账户是否有效?

DOI:
10.1111/infi.12069
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
1.2
通讯作者:
McCauley R
McCauley R
中科院分区:
经济学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McCauley R

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主张建立更加多元化的国际货币和金融体系的人力求减少对单一国家货币的依赖,并将国际流动性置于集体控制之下。一项最近重新提出的建议是将美元官方储备转换为以IMF关键货币篮子特别提款权(SDR)计价的债权。本文利用新的档案证据和模拟,强调了早期关于这种账户的协议脱轨的问题,以及随后的发展所揭示的设计和雄心的缺陷。一个设计问题是,如果美元收益率未能超过特别提款权收益率,足以抵消美元贬值,账户就会亏损。事实上,未覆盖的利率平价并不成立,很可能会导致该账户持续资不抵债。另一个缺点是野心:事实证明,拟议的账户规模太小,无法实现降低美元在外汇储备中所占份额的预期目标。任何新的建议都需要解决这些缺点。
Advocates of a more pluralistic international monetary and financial system seek to reduce reliance on a single national currency and to bring international liquidity under collective control. One recently revived proposal would transform US dollar official reserves into claims denominated in the IMF's key currency basket, Special Drawing Rights (SDRs). Drawing on new archival evidence and simulations, this article highlights issues that derailed earlier agreement on such an account and shortcomings of design and ambition revealed by subsequent developments. One design issue was account losses if US dollar yields failed to exceed SDR yields enough to offset dollar depreciation. In fact, uncovered interest parity did not hold and could well have left the account persistently insolvent. Another shortcoming was ambition: the proposed account proved simply too small to achieve the desired lowering of the dollar's share of foreign exchange reserves. Any new proposal needs to address these shortcomings.
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