Filling Gaps On-Line: Use of Lexical and Semantic Information in Sentence Processing
Filling Gaps On-Line: Use of Lexical and Semantic Information in Sentence Processing
复制标题
在线填补空白：在句子处理中使用词汇和语义信息
DOI：
10.1177/002383099103400402
复制
发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
G. Carlson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Stowe;M. Tanenhaus;G. Carlson
两个实验研究了人们如何对问题短语进行解释。为了确定WH短语的含义（例如，谁、什么），必须定位“间隙”，并且将与差距相关联的角色分配给WH短语。两个实验分别验证了Fodor（1978）的词汇期望模型和斯托（1984）的所有手段模型，前者认为动词的词汇属性决定了空缺的出现，而后者则认为所有的可能性都被考虑并评估其语用恰当性。在实验1中，被试判断完整句子的意义。动词的及物性使用频率决定了WH-短语充当动词宾语的可及性效应是否存在。根据词汇期望模型，WH短语作为宾语的可解释性效应只出现在宾语角色应该被分配给WH短语的情况下，而不是所有手段模型所预测的那样。在实验2中，这些结果被复制使用逐字自定进度阅读范式。当动词通常用作及物动词时，可译性效应表现在动词本身。这一证据表明，一个缺口是首选，甚至比一个词汇填充对象的传递期望动词。
Two experiments investigated how people assign an interpretation to question phrases. In order to determine the meaning of the WH-phrase (e.g., who, what), a “gap” must be located and the role associated with the gap assigned to the WH-phrase. Two experiments tested the Lexical Expectation model of Fodor (1978), according to which lexical properties of the verb determine when a gap is posited, and the All Resorts model of Stowe (1984), according to which all possibilities are considered and evaluated on their pragmatic appropriateness. In Experiment 1, subjects judged the meaningfulness of full sentences. The frequency with which verbs are used transitively determined whether there was an effect of the plausibility of the WH-phrase to act as an object of the verb. Effects of plausibility of the WH-phrase as an object showed up in just those cases where the object role should be assigned to the WH-phrase according to the Lexical Expectation model, rather than as predicted by the All Resorts model. In Experiment 2, these results were replicated using the word-by-word self-paced reading paradigm. The plausibility effect showed up at the verb itself when it is normally used transitively. This evidence suggests that a gap is preferred even over a lexically filled object for transitive expectation verbs.
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.555
发表时间：
1990-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
FERREIRA, F;HENDERSON, JM
通讯作者：
HENDERSON, JM