Transcranial focused ultrasound-mediated neurochemical and functional connectivity changes in deep cortical regions in humans

Transcranial focused ultrasound-mediated neurochemical and functional connectivity changes in deep cortical regions in humans
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经颅聚焦超声介导的人类深层皮质区域神经化学和功能连接的变化

DOI:
10.1101/2023.01.20.524869
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Yaakub S
Yaakub S
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Yaakub S

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低强度经颅超声刺激(TUS)是一种新兴的非侵入性脑功能局部调节技术。人类TUS神经调节的机制和神经化学底物以及它们与兴奋和抑制的关系仍然知之甚少。在24名健康对照中,我们分别刺激了两个皮层深部区域,并研究了theta-burst TUS对抑制性神经递质γ -氨基丁酸(GABA)和功能连接的影响,该方案被证明可以增加皮质脊髓兴奋性。我们发现,在人类中,theta-burst TUS选择性地降低了后扣带的GABA水平,而不是背前扣带皮层。在TUS之后,两个区域的功能连通性都有所增加。我们的研究结果表明,TUS通过减少gaba能抑制来改变整体兴奋性,并且TUS介导的神经可塑性的变化在刺激后至少持续50分钟。us对后扣带和前扣带作用的差异可能表明us作用的状态或位置依赖性-这两种机制越来越被认为影响大脑对神经调节的反应。
Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is an emerging non-invasive technique for focally modulating human brain function. The mechanisms and neurochemical substrates underlying TUS neuromodulation in humans and how these relate to excitation and inhibition are still poorly understood. In 24 healthy controls, we separately stimulated two deep cortical regions and investigated the effects of theta-burst TUS, a protocol shown to increase corticospinal excitability, on the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and functional connectivity. We show that theta-burst TUS in humans selectively reduces GABA levels in the posterior cingulate, but not the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Functional connectivity increased following TUS in both regions. Our findings suggest that TUS changes overall excitability by reducing GABAergic inhibition and that changes in TUS-mediated neuroplasticity last at least 50 mins after stimulation. The difference in TUS effects on the posterior and anterior cingulate could suggest state- or location-dependency of the TUS effect—both mechanisms increasingly recognized to influence the brain’s response to neuromodulation.
T1 加权 MRI 的伪 CT 用于规划低强度经颅聚焦超声神经调节:一种开源工具
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发表时间: 2022
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发表时间: 2016
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