Nanogels as pharmaceutical carriers: finite networks of infinite capabilities.
Nanogels as pharmaceutical carriers: finite networks of infinite capabilities.
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200900441
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Vinogradov, Serguei V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kabanov, Alexander V.;Vinogradov, Serguei V.
纳米凝胶是由亲水性或两亲性聚合物链组成的溶胀的纳米尺寸的网络，其可以是非离子的或离子的。它们被开发为用于药物递送的载体，并且可以被设计为通过形成盐键、氢键或疏水相互作用来自发地吸收生物活性分子。聚电解质纳米凝胶可以容易地掺入带相反电荷的低分子量药物或生物大分子，如寡核苷酸、siRNA、DNA和蛋白质，其与纳米凝胶离子链结合并在有限的纳米凝胶体积内相分离。因此，这种纳米凝胶的负载能力上级大多数其他药物载体。药物的结合诱导纳米凝胶的塌陷，这通常使体积减小至少一个数量级。然而，由于纳米凝胶的亲水性聚合物链（例如暴露在颗粒表面的聚（乙二醇））的冻干作用，药物-纳米凝胶颗粒保持分散。纳米凝胶的多种化学功能可以用于引入成像标记、靶向分子和触发药物释放能力，例如刺激响应性和可降解的交联。最近的研究表明，纳米凝胶的几个有前途的生物医学应用，包括药物输送的磷酸化核苷类似物，寡核苷酸或siRNA的抗癌或抗病毒治疗，生物活性蛋白质的封装，制造纳米粒子或纳米陶瓷复合材料，成像剂，口服和中枢神经系统药物输送。不同功能的纳米凝胶作为新型药物载体用于诊断和治疗的研究显示出良好的前景，并正在迅速发展。
Nanogels are swollen nano-sized networks composed of hydrophilic or amphiphilic polymer chains, which can be non-ionic or ionic. They are developed as carriers for drug delivery and can be designed to spontaneously absorb biologically active molecules through formation of salt bonds, hydrogen bonds, or hydrophobic interactions. Polyelectrolyte nanogels can readily incorporate oppositely charged low molecular mass drugs or biomacromolecules such as oligonucleotides, siRNA, DNA and proteins, which bind with the nanogel ionic chains and phase separate within the finite nanogel volume. As a result, the loading capacity of such nanogels is superior to most other drug carriers. Binding of the drugs induces collapse of nanogel, which usually decreases the volume by at least one order of magnitude. However, the drug-nanogel particles remain dispersed due to the lyophilizing effect of nanogel’s hydrophilic polymer chains, such as poly(ethylene glycol) exposed at the particle surface. Multiple chemical functionalities of nanogels can be employed for introduction of imaging labels, targeting molecules and triggered drug release capabilities such as stimuli-responsive and degradable cross-links. Recent studies suggested several promising biomedical applications of nanogels, including drug delivery of phosphorylated nucleoside analogs, oligonucleotides or siRNA for anticancer or antiviral treatment, encapsulation of bioactive proteins, fabrication of nanometallic or nanoceramic composites, imaging agents, oral and CNS drug delivery. The research of different functional nanogels as novel pharmaceutical carriers for diagnosis and therapy shows promise and is rapidly developing.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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