Mn4Ca cluster in photosynthesis: where and how water is oxidized to dioxygen.

Mn4Ca cluster in photosynthesis: where and how water is oxidized to dioxygen.
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DOI:
10.1021/cr4004874
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发表时间:
2014-04-23
期刊:
影响因子:
62.1
通讯作者:
Yachandra, Vittal
Yachandra, Vittal
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yano, Junko;Yachandra, Vittal

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氧气,支持所有的有氧生活,是由光合作用产生的水氧化在植物,藻类和蓝藻。水氧化反应可能在130亿年前首次出现在自然界中,是今天蓝藻的前体,尽管确切的时间还不完全清楚。1− 5产氧光合作用的一个关键组成部分是一种金属络合物,它可以储存氧化当量,以促进两个水分子的四电子氧化为分子氧,同时使电子可用于维持生命所需的还原性碳固定反应。6− 8这种金属配合物参与光合作用,即放氧配合物(OEC),由四个Mn原子和一个Ca原子的氧桥结构组成。到目前为止,从高等植物和藻类到代表最早的产氧光合生物的蓝细菌,在产氧光合生物之间没有观察到任何变化。氧气本身是光合作用水氧化反应的副产品,如公式1所示:
Oxygen, which supports all aerobic life, is produced by photosynthetic water oxidation in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. The water-oxidation reaction probably first appeared in nature∼ 3 billion years ago in the precursors to present-day cyanobacteria, although the exact timing is not yet entirely clear. 1− 5 A key component in the appearance of oxygenic photosynthesis was a metal complex that could store oxidizing equivalents to facilitate the four-electron oxidation of two water molecules to dioxygen, meanwhile making the electrons available for the reductive carbon-fixing reactions required for sustaining life. 6− 8 This metal complex involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC), consists of an oxo-bridged structure with four Mn atoms and one Ca atom. No variations have been observed so far among oxygenic photosynthetic organisms through higher plants and algae back to cyanobacteria, which represents the earliest oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Oxygen itself is the byproduct of the photosynthetic water oxidation reaction shown in eq 1:
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