Probabilistic combination of slant information: weighted averaging and robustness as optimal percepts.
Probabilistic combination of slant information: weighted averaging and robustness as optimal percepts.
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DOI：
10.1167/9.9.8
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发表时间：
2009-08-24
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Banks MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Girshick AR;Banks MS
深度感知涉及组合多个可能相互冲突的感官测量以估计所观看场景的3D结构。先前的工作已经表明，感知系统使用统计上最优的加权平均来组合测量。但是，系统应仅在测量值来自同一来源时才将其联合收割机组合。我们询问大脑是否会避免在测量结果彼此不同时进行组合：也就是说，系统是否对异常值具有鲁棒性。要做到这一点，我们研究了两个倾斜线索-双目视差和纹理梯度-影响感知倾斜的大小之间的冲突线索的函数。当冲突较小时，我们观察加权平均。当冲突很大时，我们观察到强大的行为：感知的倾斜仅由一个线索决定，另一个被拒绝。有趣的是，被拒绝的线索要么是视差，要么是纹理，而不一定是更可变的线索。我们在概率框架中对数据进行建模，并表明如果潜在的似然比高斯更重，则可以预测加权平均和鲁棒性。我们还询问观察者是否有意识地获得单线索估计时，他们表现出鲁棒性，并发现他们没有，即他们完全融合，尽管强大的感知。
Depth perception involves combining multiple, possibly conflicting, sensory measurements to estimate the 3D structure of the viewed scene. Previous work has shown that the perceptual system combines measurements using a statistically optimal weighted average. However, the system should only combine measurements when they come from the same source. We asked whether the brain avoids combining measurements when they differ from one another: that is, whether the system is robust to outliers. To do this, we investigated how two slant cues—binocular disparity and texture gradients—influence perceived slant as a function of the size of the conflict between the cues. When the conflict was small, we observed weighted averaging. When the conflict was large, we observed robust behavior: perceived slant was dictated solely by one cue, the other being rejected. Interestingly, the rejected cue was either disparity or texture, and was not necessarily the more variable cue. We modeled the data in a probabilistic framework, and showed that weighted averaging and robustness are predicted if the underlying likelihoods have heavier tails than Gaussians. We also asked whether observers had conscious access to the single-cue estimates when they exhibited robustness and found they did not, i.e. they completely fused despite the robust percepts.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
HAY, JC;PICK, HL
通讯作者：
PICK, HL
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Hillis, JM;Banks, MS
通讯作者：
Banks, MS
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
HAFTER, ER;CARRIER, SC
通讯作者：
CARRIER, SC
DOI：
10.1364/josaa.5.001749
发表时间：
1988-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
BULTHOFF, HH;MALLOT, HA
通讯作者：
MALLOT, HA
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bresciani, Jean-Pierre;Dammeier, Franziska;Ernst, Marc O.
通讯作者：
Ernst, Marc O.