Psychiatric genetic essentialism and stigma in child custody proceedings: public views.
Psychiatric genetic essentialism and stigma in child custody proceedings: public views.
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DOI：
10.1093/jlb/lsab026
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Appelbaum PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sabatello M;Chao A;Insel BJ;Corbeil T;Link BG;Appelbaum PS
在美国法院引入包括精神遗传信息在内的行为信息的做法获得了支持，但也引发了人们对司法结果受到不当影响的担忧。我们对具有全国代表性的美国成年人样本进行了一项基于Vignette的调查，以评估有关父母精神基因构成的证据以及关于精神疾病的明确和含蓄的污名化信念可能会如何影响儿童监护权诉讼中的关键决定。精神遗传学证据不影响公众对监护权决定的看法，但它增加了遗传本质主义者对精神疾病(无论诊断如何)的理解。明确的污名与拒绝有精神疾病(或所谓的)精神疾病共同监护权的父母的偏好有关。我们新开发的内隐联想测试确定了精神疾病和不良育儿之间的联系。迫切需要进行研究，以确定有效的干预措施和教育方案，以解决遗传本质论，并减少对患有精神疾病的人，包括父母的偏见。
The introduction of behavioral, including psychiatric, genetic information in American courts has gained traction but raises concerns of undue influence on judicial outcomes. We conducted a vignette-based survey of a nationally representative sample of US adults to assess how evidence about a parent’s psychiatric genetic makeup and explicit and implicit stigmatizing beliefs about psychiatric conditions may affect key decisions in child custody proceedings. Psychiatric genetic evidence did not affect public perspectives on custody decisions, but it increased the genetic essentialist understanding of psychiatric conditions (regardless of a diagnosis). Explicit stigma was associated with a preference to deny parents with a (or with an alleged) psychiatric condition joint custody. Our newly created Implicit Association Test identified an association between psychiatric conditions and perceived bad parenting. Research to identify effective interventions and educational programs to address genetic essentialism and to reduce bias against people, including parents, with psychiatric conditions is urgently needed.
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