Special Pharmacokinetic Considerations in Children
Special Pharmacokinetic Considerations in Children
复制标题
儿童的特殊药代动力学考虑
作者：
W. Dodson
Summary: Pediatric patients have greater degrees of pharmacokinetic variability and unpredictability than adults. This variability results from the effects of pharmacogenetics, age and growth, prior and current comedication, and disease. Newborns with seizures have the least predictable dosage requirements, and their needs change as drug‐eliminating mechanisms mature in the neonatal period. Infants have the highest relative capacities to eliminate antiepileptics of any age group and require the largest relative doses. In addition to age‐related trends, children demonstrate the same drug‐specific, pharmacokinetic phenomena that adults do, including nonlinear phenytoin elimination, nonlinear valproate binding, and autoinduction of carbamazepine. Intercurrent illness and drug interactions further modify the age‐related pharmacokinetic patterns in children and make dosage requirements even more unpredictable. Recent studies have shown that febrile illness can affect drug elimination, sometimes decreasing drug levels by 50% or more. Intermittent treatment with benzodiazepines administered either orally or rectally can be an important adjunct and help minimize this type of problem for children with marginally controlled epilepsy. Intermittent benzodiazepines are also helpful for children who have febrile seizures and who need only occasional antiepileptic protection.
应用稳定同位素方法研究新生儿、婴儿、儿童和青少年抗癫痫药物的临床药理学。
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Browne,TR;VanLangenhove,A;Costello,CE;Biemann,K;Greenblatt,DJ
通讯作者：
Greenblatt,DJ