Collective conflict resolution in groups on the move.
Collective conflict resolution in groups on the move.
复制标题
在移动的群体中集体解决冲突。
作者：
Itai Pinkoviezky;I. Couzin;N. Gov
在动物和细胞群体的自然运动过程中观察到关于行进方向的集体决策。在最简单的情况下，一个群体包含两个有信息的子群，这两个子群持有相互冲突的运动偏好方向。在这种情况下，模拟，随后由鸟类和灵长类动物的实验数据支持，已经证明，所产生的运动要么是朝着一个妥协的方向，要么是朝着一个首选的目标（即使两个子组的大小相等）。然而，这一转变的性质并没有得到很好的理解。我们提出了一个理论研究，结合模拟和自旋模型的移动的动物群体，后者提供了一个平衡表示，并在热力学极限的精确解。这使我们能够确定在两个首选方向之间的临界角差的这种过渡的性质：在这两个群集和自旋模型的过渡符合从布朗到持久的集体运动的群体动力学的变化。随着不知情的个体（群体中没有表现出方向偏好的个体）数量的增加，群体经历这种转变，这相当于自旋模型的温度（噪声）的倒数。当两个知情的亚组在规模上不相等时，有一种趋势，即该组达到较大的亚组所偏好的目标。我们发现，自旋模型有效地捕捉到集体决策过渡的本质，并允许我们揭示决策速度和实现多数（民主）共识的能力之间的噪声依赖的权衡。
Collective decision-making regarding direction of travel is observed during natural motion of animal and cellular groups. This phenomenon is exemplified, in the simplest case, by a group that contains two informed subgroups that hold conflicting preferred directions of motion. Under such circumstances, simulations, subsequently supported by experimental data with birds and primates, have demonstrated that the resulting motion is either towards a compromise direction or towards one of the preferred targets (even when the two subgroups are equal in size). However, the nature of this transition is not well understood. We present a theoretical study that combines simulations and a spin model for mobile animal groups, the latter providing an equilibrium representation, and exact solution in the thermodynamic limit. This allows us to identify the nature of this transition at a critical angular difference between the two preferred directions: in both flocking and spin models the transition coincides with the change in the group dynamics from Brownian to persistent collective motion. The groups undergo this transition as the number of uninformed individuals (those in the group that do not exhibit a directional preference) increases, which acts as an inverse of the temperature (noise) of the spin model. When the two informed subgroups are not equal in size, there is a tendency for the group to reach the target preferred by the larger subgroup. We find that the spin model captures effectively the essence of the collective decision-making transition and allows us to reveal a noise-dependent trade-off between the decision-making speed and the ability to achieve majority (democratic) consensus.
影响因子：
44.1
作者：
Marchetti, M. C.;Joanny, J. F.;Simha, R. Aditi
通讯作者：
Simha, R. Aditi