IMVAMUNE(®) and ACAM2000(®) Provide Different Protection against Disease When Administered Postexposure in an Intranasal Monkeypox Challenge Prairie Dog Model.
IMVAMUNE(®) and ACAM2000(®) Provide Different Protection against Disease When Administered Postexposure in an Intranasal Monkeypox Challenge Prairie Dog Model.
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Imvamune(®)和ACAM2000(®)在鼻腔猴痘挑战草原犬模型中暴露后给药时，可提供不同的疾病保护。
DOI：
10.3390/vaccines8030396
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发表时间：
2020-07-20
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Damon IK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keckler MS;Salzer JS;Patel N;Townsend MB;Nakazawa YJ;Doty JB;Gallardo-Romero NF;Satheshkumar PS;Carroll DS;Karem KL;Damon IK
天花疫苗在暴露于正痘病毒后使用时提供的保护作用知之甚少。暴露后接种第一代天花疫苗在根除期间有效。然而，历史流行病学报告和动物研究中的疫苗接种后，很难外推到今天的人群，和第二和第三代疫苗，根除后开发的，还没有广泛的测试，在疫苗接种后的情况。除了对天花病毒潜在恶意再引入的准备之外，人类越来越多地暴露于自然发生的人畜共患正痘病毒，并且在这些暴露之后，从未接受天花疫苗接种的个体的疾病严重程度更严重。本研究调查了在四种暴露情况下，草原犬鼠接种第二代和第三代天花疫苗后是否对猴痘病具有保护作用。我们用猴痘病毒以104 pfu（2× LD 50）或106 pfu（170× LD 50）的剂量感染动物，并在攻毒后1天或3天用IMVAMUNE®或ACAM 2000 ®接种动物。我们的结果表明，接种后在一定程度上保护动物免受2× LD 50的攻击，但不能保护170× LD 5的攻击。在2× LD 50攻毒中，我们还观察到，对于IMVAMUNE®，在接种后1天接种疫苗比在接种后3天接种疫苗更有效，但ACAM 2000 ®在接种后任一时间点的有效性相似。还介绍了暴露后疫苗接种的影响以及与总抗体应答和中和抗体应答、蛋白质靶点、take形成、体重减轻、皮疹负担和病毒DNA的存活率的相关性。
The protection provided by smallpox vaccines when used after exposure to Orthopoxviruses is poorly understood. Postexposu re administration of 1st generation smallpox vaccines was effective during eradication. However, historical epidemiological reports and animal studies on postexposure vaccination are difficult to extrapolate to today’s populations, and 2nd and 3rd generation vaccines, developed after eradication, have not been widely tested in postexposure vaccination scenarios. In addition to concerns about preparedness for a potential malevolent reintroduction of variola virus, humans are becoming increasingly exposed to naturally occurring zoonotic orthopoxviruses and, following these exposures, disease severity is worse in individuals who never received smallpox vaccination. This study investigated whether postexposure vaccination of prairie dogs with 2nd and 3rd generation smallpox vaccines was protective against monkeypox disease in four exposure scenarios. We infected animals with monkeypox virus at doses of 104 pfu (2× LD50) or 106 pfu (170× LD50) and vaccinated the animals with IMVAMUNE® or ACAM2000® either 1 or 3 days after challenge. Our results indicated that postexposure vaccination protected the animals to some degree from the 2× LD50, but not the 170× LD5 challenge. In the 2× LD50 challenge, we also observed that administration of vaccine at 1 day was more effective than administration at 3 days postexposure for IMVAMUNE®, but ACAM2000® was similarly effective at either postexposure vaccination time-point. The effects of postexposure vaccination and correlations with survival of total and neutralizing antibody responses, protein targets, take formation, weight loss, rash burden, and viral DNA are also presented.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Figueiredo Pde O;Silva-Fernandes AT;Mota BE;Costa GB;Borges IA;Ferreira PC;Abrahão JS;Braga EM;Kroon EG;Trindade Gde S
通讯作者：
Trindade Gde S
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Golden, Joseph W.;Josleyn, Matthew;Hooper, Jay W.
通讯作者：
Hooper, Jay W.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Davies, D. Huw;Wyatt, Linda S.;Felgner, Philip L.
通讯作者：
Felgner, Philip L.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Carlin, Ellen P.;Giller, Nichole;Katz, Rebecca
通讯作者：
Katz, Rebecca
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Americo, Jeffrey L.;Moss, Bernard;Earl, Patricia L.
通讯作者：
Earl, Patricia L.