Why Do Heterosporous Plants Have So Few Chromosomes?

Why Do Heterosporous Plants Have So Few Chromosomes?
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DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2022.807302
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Wolf PG
Wolf PG
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kinosian SP;Rowe CA;Wolf PG

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控制染色体数目、大小和形状的机制,以及这些性状与基因组大小的关系,仍然是基因组进化中最不了解的方面。在维管植物中,同孢和异孢谱系的染色体数目有显著的差异。同孢子植物(包括大多数蕨类植物和一些石松植物)与异孢子谱系(一些蕨类植物和石松植物以及所有种子植物)相比具有较高的染色体数目。许多研究已经调查了为什么同孢子植物有这么多的染色体。然而,同源孢子生殖是起源于异源孢子生殖的祖先条件。从这个系统发育的角度来看,一个更合适的问题是为什么异型孢子植物的染色体如此之少。在这里,我们回顾了异孢和同孢植物之间的生活史差异,以前的工作染色体数目和基因组大小在每个谱系,已知的基因组缩小和染色体重排的机制,并得出结论与未来的比较研究前景。
The mechanisms controlling chromosome number, size, and shape, and the relationship of these traits to genome size, remain some of the least understood aspects of genome evolution. Across vascular plants, there is a striking disparity in chromosome number between homosporous and heterosporous lineages. Homosporous plants (comprising most ferns and some lycophytes) have high chromosome numbers compared to heterosporous lineages (some ferns and lycophytes and all seed plants). Many studies have investigated why homosporous plants have so many chromosomes. However, homospory is the ancestral condition from which heterospory has been derived several times. Following this phylogenetic perspective, a more appropriate question to ask is why heterosporous plants have so few chromosomes. Here, we review life history differences between heterosporous and homosporous plants, previous work on chromosome number and genome size in each lineage, known mechanisms of genome downsizing and chromosomal rearrangements, and conclude with future prospects for comparative research.
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