Why nature eschews the concerted [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of a nonconjugated cyanodiyne. Computational study of a pyridine synthesis involving an ene-Diels-Alder-bimolecular hydrogen-transfer mechanism.

Why nature eschews the concerted [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of a nonconjugated cyanodiyne. Computational study of a pyridine synthesis involving an ene-Diels-Alder-bimolecular hydrogen-transfer mechanism.
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DOI:
10.1021/jo202424n
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发表时间:
2012-02-03
期刊:
The Journal of organic chemistry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Houk KN
Houk KN
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lan Y;Danheiser RL;Houk KN

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利用M06-2X和B3LYP密度泛函理论研究了用于形成吡啶的分子内正式无金属分子内[2 + 2 + 2]环加成反应,并与实验建立的涉及烯反应-Diels-Alder反应-氢转移的三步机理进行了比较。两个炔烃的烯反应是决定速率的步骤。这比其他可能的机制要容易得多,例如涉及炔与腈的烯反应、协同的 [2 + 2 + 2] 环加成或 1,4-二自由基机制。利用畸变相互作用模型分析了这些过程的相关设施。提出了一种涉及自由基对中间体的双分子氢转移机制,而不是该机制最后一步的协同分子内 1,5-氢转移。
An intramolecular formal metal-free intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition for the formation of pyridines has been investigated with M06-2X and B3LYP density functional theory, and compared to the experimentally established three-step mechanism that involves ene reaction - Diels-Alder reaction -hydrogen transfer. The ene reaction of two alkynes is the rate-determining step. This is considerably easier than other possible mechanisms, such as those involving an ene reaction of an alkyne with a nitrile, a concerted [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition, or a 1,4-diradical mechanism. The relative facilities of these processes are analyzed with the distortion-interaction model. A bimolecular hydrogen transfer mechanism involving a radical pair intermediate is proposed rather than a concerted intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen shift for the last step in the mechanism.
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