Knot polynomials of open and closed curves

Knot polynomials of open and closed curves
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开曲线和闭曲线的结多项式

DOI:
10.1098/rspa.2020.0124
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Physical and Engineering Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kauffman, Louis H.
Kauffman, Louis H.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Panagiotou, Eleni;Kauffman, Louis H.

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在这篇手稿中,我们介绍了一种测量 3 空间中曲线纠缠的方法,该方法将结和链接多项式的概念扩展到开放曲线。我们在3-空间中定义了曲线的括号多项式,并证明它具有实数系数,并且是曲线坐标的连续函数。这用于定义琼斯多项式,使其适用于 3 空间中的开曲线和闭曲线。对于开放曲线,琼斯多项式具有实数系数,并且它是曲线坐标的连续函数,并且随着曲线的端点趋于重合,开放曲线的琼斯多项式趋向于所得结的琼斯多项式。对于闭合曲线,它是一个拓扑不变量,就像经典的琼斯多项式一样。我们展示了这些度量如何获得更简单的多边形曲线表达式,并在 3 条和 4 条边的多边形曲线的情况下为其计算提供有限形式。
In this manuscript, we introduce a method to measure entanglement of curves in 3-space that extends the notion of knot and link polynomials to open curves. We define the bracket polynomial of curves in 3-space and show that it has real coefficients and is a continuous function of the curve coordinates. This is used to define the Jones polynomial in a way that it is applicable to both open and closed curves in 3-space. For open curves, the Jones polynomial has real coefficients and it is a continuous function of the curve coordinates and as the endpoints of the curve tend to coincide, the Jones polynomial of the open curve tends to that of the resulting knot. For closed curves, it is a topological invariant, as the classical Jones polynomial. We show how these measures attain a simpler expression for polygonal curves and provide a finite form for their computation in the case of polygonal curves of 3 and 4 edges.
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