Miniature planar telescopes for efficient, wide-angle, high-precision beam steering.
Miniature planar telescopes for efficient, wide-angle, high-precision beam steering.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41377-021-00576-9
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发表时间：
2021-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wu ST
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He Z;Yin K;Wu ST
轻量、紧凑、高效、高精度和/或大角度的非机械光束转向器对于自动驾驶汽车的光探测和测距（LiDAR）、近眼显示器的眼动追踪、显微镜、光学镊子和高精度三维（3D）打印至关重要。然而，即使是最成熟的光学相控阵也只能在小角度范围内提供准连续、高效的光束导向。可以耦合一个具有角度放大功能的望远镜模块，以扩大转向范围或精度。但是用传统的光学技术获得一个紧凑、低成本、轻量、高质量的望远镜模块仍然是一个挑战。基于液晶的平面光学元件为在二维空间中操纵光的相位轮廓提供了很大的设计自由度。由于光学器件具有高效、轻薄、低成本、易于加工、灵活和对环境刺激的响应等优点，许多高质量的光学器件已经被证明。本文提出了一种以液晶聚合物为媒介的微型平面望远镜，它可以提供与入射空间位置无关的角度放大。它由两个级联的液晶平面光学元件组成，每个元件都执行预定义的数学变换。利用这一概念，采用一种新的曝光方法制作平面光学元件，并将其组装成不同放大倍数的平面望远镜。在入射场范围内，光效率达到84.6%以上，波前畸变较小。这种微型平面望远镜显示了级联液晶平面光学元件的潜力，可以实现单个光学元件无法实现的功能，并使轻量化，低损耗，无源光发射机得到广泛应用。展示了一种基于级联液晶聚合物的微型角度放大镜，可为光探测和测距（LiDAR）应用实现高效、宽范围和高精度的光束转向。
Non-mechanical beam steerers with lightweight, compact, high-efficiency, high-precision, and/or large-angle are pivotal for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) of autonomous vehicles, eye-tracking for near-eye displays, microscopy, optical tweezers, and high-precision three-dimensional (3D) printing. However, even the most matured optical phased array can only provide quasi-continuous, efficient beam steering within a small angle range. A telescope module with an angle magnification function can be coupled to enlarge the steering range or precision. But obtaining a compact, low-cost, lightweight, high-quality telescope module with conventional optics remains challenging. Patterned liquid crystal-based planar optical elements offer great design freedom for manipulating the phase profile of light in 2D space. Owing to the advantages of high efficiency, thinness, low cost, easy processing, flexibility, and response to environmental stimuli, a plethora of high-quality optical devices have been demonstrated. Here, a miniature planar telescope mediated by liquid crystal polymers is proposed to offer angle magnification independent of incident spatial location. It consists of two cascaded liquid crystal planar optical elements, each performing a predefined mathematical transformation. By this concept, planar optical elements are fabricated using a new exposure method and assembled into planar telescopes with different magnification factors. Within the incident field range, over 84.6% optical efficiency is achieved with small wavefront distortion. Such a miniature planar telescope shows the potential of cascaded liquid crystal planar optical elements for realizing functionalities that cannot be fulfilled by single optical elements, and enables lightweight, low loss, passive optical transmitters for widespread applications. A cascaded liquid crystal polymer-based miniature angle magnifier is demonstrated to enable high-efficiency, wide-range, and high-precision beam steering for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications.
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