Role of carnitine in disease.
Role of carnitine in disease.
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DOI：
10.1186/1743-7075-7-30
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发表时间：
2010-04-16
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Garrett Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flanagan JL;Simmons PA;Vehige J;Willcox MD;Garrett Q
肉毒碱是一种条件性必需营养素，在能量产生和脂肪酸代谢中起着至关重要的作用。素食者比肉食者具有更高的生物利用度。明显的缺陷来自肉毒碱转运蛋白的基因突变或与其他疾病如肝脏或肾脏疾病有关。肉毒碱缺乏症发生在肉毒碱调节异常的疾病，如糖尿病，败血症，心肌病，营养不良，肝硬化，内分泌失调和衰老。营养补充左旋肉碱是肉碱的生物活性形式，对尿毒症患者具有改善作用，对糖尿病患者的神经传导、神经病理性疼痛和免疫功能有改善作用，对原发性肉碱缺乏症患者具有救命作用。肉毒碱的临床应用在一系列神经疾病如阿尔茨海默病、肝性脑病和其他疼痛性神经病中具有很大的希望。局部应用于干眼，可提供眼部保护并调节免疫和炎症反应。肉毒碱已被公认为心血管疾病的营养补充剂，越来越多的证据表明，肉毒碱补充剂可能有利于治疗肥胖，改善葡萄糖耐受不良和总能量消耗。
Carnitine is a conditionally essential nutrient that plays a vital role in energy production and fatty acid metabolism. Vegetarians possess a greater bioavailability than meat eaters. Distinct deficiencies arise either from genetic mutation of carnitine transporters or in association with other disorders such as liver or kidney disease. Carnitine deficiency occurs in aberrations of carnitine regulation in disorders such as diabetes, sepsis, cardiomyopathy, malnutrition, cirrhosis, endocrine disorders and with aging. Nutritional supplementation of L-carnitine, the biologically active form of carnitine, is ameliorative for uremic patients, and can improve nerve conduction, neuropathic pain and immune function in diabetes patients while it is life-saving for patients suffering primary carnitine deficiency. Clinical application of carnitine holds much promise in a range of neural disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, hepatic encephalopathy and other painful neuropathies. Topical application in dry eye offers osmoprotection and modulates immune and inflammatory responses. Carnitine has been recognized as a nutritional supplement in cardiovascular disease and there is increasing evidence that carnitine supplementation may be beneficial in treating obesity, improving glucose intolerance and total energy expenditure.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00862.2006
发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Aja, Susan;Landree, Leslie E.;Ronnett, Gabriele V.
通讯作者：
Ronnett, Gabriele V.
影响因子：
13.2
作者：
Bellinghieri, G;Santoro, D;Savica, V
通讯作者：
Savica, V
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1320.005
发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
CARNITINE: THE SCIENCE BEHIND A CONDITIONALLY ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT
影响因子：
--
作者：
Calvani, M;Benatti, P;Brass, EP
通讯作者：
Brass, EP
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
ADAMEK, G;FELIX, R;FLEISCH, H
通讯作者：
FLEISCH, H
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
CEDERBLAD, G;LARSSON, J;SCHILDT, B
通讯作者：
SCHILDT, B