Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: a GAGgle of skeletal-hematopoietic regulators.

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: a GAGgle of skeletal-hematopoietic regulators.
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DOI:
10.1002/dvdy.21593
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发表时间:
2008-10
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Jacenko, Olena
Jacenko, Olena
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rodgers, Kathryn D.;Antonio, James D. San;Jacenko, Olena

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本文综述了目前对硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白多糖(HSPGs)在骨骼发育和造血中的存在和功能的认识。虽然蛋白多聚糖(PG)由大量不同的细胞表面和基质分子组成,但我们选择关注HSPGs,因为它们在骨骼形成和造血中具有许多已知的功能。具体地说,我们讨论了HSPGs如何通过参与不同的发育过程,如组织的图案化、区域化、生长、分化和维护,在骨骼造血发育过程中发挥主导作用,建立和调节生态位。特别强调我们的新假设,即机械地将软骨内骨骼形成与骨髓中造血干细胞(HSC)生态位的建立联系起来。HSPGs可能通过其独特的能力参与这些发育过程,建立和调节形态、生长因子和细胞因子的梯度,促进信号转导,为组织提供结构稳定,并充当分子过滤器和屏障。
This review summarizes our current understanding of the presence and function of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in skeletal development and hematopoiesis. Although proteoglycans (PGs) comprise a large and diverse group of cell surface and matrix molecules, we chose to focus on HSPGs owing to their many proposed functions in skeletogenesis and hematopoiesis. Specifically, we discuss how HSPGs play predominant roles in establishing and regulating niches during skeleto-hematopoietic development by participating in distinct developmental processes such as patterning, compartmentalization, growth, differentiation, and maintenance of tissues. Special emphasis is placed on our novel hypothesis that mechanistically links endochondral skeletogenesis to the establishment of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche in the marrow. HSPGs may contribute to these developmental processes through their unique abilities to establish and mediate morphogen, growth factor, and cytokine gradients, facilitate signaling, provide structural stability to tissues, and act as molecular filters and barriers.
巨噬细胞炎症蛋白1α,白细胞介素3和可扩散的骨髓基质因子在体外至少维持人类造血干细胞至少八周。
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