The mode of expression divergence in Drosophila fat body is infection-specific.
The mode of expression divergence in Drosophila fat body is infection-specific.
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DOI：
10.1101/gr.269597.120
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Wunderlich Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ramirez-Corona BA;Fruth S;Ofoegbu O;Wunderlich Z
转录是通过顺式作用DNA元件与可扩散反式作用因子的相互作用来控制的。顺式或反式因子的变化可以驱动物种内部和物种之间的表达差异，它们的相对流行率可以揭示驱动表达变异的进化历史和压力。先前描述动物表达差异模式的工作主要使用一种条件下的全身表达测量。由于顺式作用元件通常在细胞类型或条件的子集中驱动表达，因此这些测量可能无法捕获顺式作用变化的完整贡献。在这里，我们使用两个地理上不同的黑腹果蝇品系及其 F1 杂交种，量化了果蝇脂肪体（主要免疫器官）在几种条件下的表达差异模式。我们测量了在没有感染和革兰氏阴性粘质沙门氏菌或革兰氏阳性粪肠球菌感染的情况下的表达，这触发了果蝇先天免疫反应中的两个主要信号传导途径。表达差异的模式很大程度上取决于条件，反式作用在革兰氏阴性感染中占主导地位，顺式作用在革兰氏阳性和感染前条件中占主导地位。几种受体蛋白的表达差异可能是感染特异性反式效应的基础。在感染之前，脂肪体有代谢作用时，有很多代偿作用，顺式和反式的变化相互抵消，以维持表达水平。这项工作表明，在单个组织内，表达差异的模式因条件而异，并表明这些差异反映了宿主与病原体相互作用的不同进化历史。
Transcription is controlled by interactions of cis-acting DNA elements with diffusible trans-acting factors. Changes in cis or trans factors can drive expression divergence within and between species, and their relative prevalence can reveal the evolutionary history and pressures that drive expression variation. Previous work delineating the mode of expression divergence in animals has largely used whole-body expression measurements in one condition. Because cis-acting elements often drive expression in a subset of cell types or conditions, these measurements may not capture the complete contribution of cis-acting changes. Here, we quantify the mode of expression divergence in the Drosophila fat body, the primary immune organ, in several conditions, using two geographically distinct lines of D. melanogaster and their F1 hybrids. We measured expression in the absence of infection and in infections with Gram-negative S. marcescens or Gram-positive E. faecalis bacteria, which trigger the two primary signaling pathways in the Drosophila innate immune response. The mode of expression divergence strongly depends on the condition, with trans-acting effects dominating in response to Gram-negative infection and cis-acting effects dominating in Gram-positive and preinfection conditions. Expression divergence in several receptor proteins may underlie the infection-specific trans effects. Before infection, when the fat body has a metabolic role, there are many compensatory effects, changes in cis and trans that counteract each other to maintain expression levels. This work shows that within a single tissue, the mode of expression divergence varies between conditions and suggests that these differences reflect the diverse evolutionary histories of host–pathogen interactions.
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