Tempo and mode of regulatory evolution in Drosophila.
Tempo and mode of regulatory evolution in Drosophila.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1101/gr.163014.113
复制
发表时间：
2014-05
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Wittkopp PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coolon JD;McManus CJ;Stevenson KR;Graveley BR;Wittkopp PJ
影响基因表达的遗传变化有助于表型分化；因此，了解控制基因表达的调控网络如何随时间变化对理解进化至关重要。先前对物种内部和物种之间表达差异的研究已经确定了调控差异的特性，但这些研究之间的技术和生物学差异使得难以评估这些特性的普遍性，也难以理解调控变化是如何随着分化时间而积累的。在这里，我们通过比较具有一系列分化时间的果蝇品系和物种之间的基因表达来解决这些问题，并使用F1杂交来检查遗传模式并解开顺式和反式调控变化。我们发现，代偿性变化的固定导致基因表达调控的分化比基因表达本身更快。具体来说，我们观察到具有顺式调控差异证据的基因比例随着差异时间的增加比具有表达差异证据的基因比例增加得更快。令人惊讶的是，由顺式调控变化解释的表达分化量并没有像之前提出的那样随着分化时间的推移而稳步增加。相反，有一个物种（Drosophila sechellia）表现出了过多的顺式调控差异，我们认为这很可能是该谱系中积极选择的结果。总的来说，这项工作不仅揭示了基因表达的进化速度，而且揭示了这种进化的分子和进化机制。
Genetic changes affecting gene expression contribute to phenotypic divergence; thus, understanding how regulatory networks controlling gene expression change over time is critical for understanding evolution. Prior studies of expression differences within and between species have identified properties of regulatory divergence, but technical and biological differences among these studies make it difficult to assess the generality of these properties or to understand how regulatory changes accumulate with divergence time. Here, we address these issues by comparing gene expression among strains and species of Drosophila with a range of divergence times and use F1 hybrids to examine inheritance patterns and disentangle cis- and trans-regulatory changes. We find that the fixation of compensatory changes has caused the regulation of gene expression to diverge more rapidly than gene expression itself. Specifically, we observed that the proportion of genes with evidence of cis-regulatory divergence has increased more rapidly with divergence time than the proportion of genes with evidence of expression differences. Surprisingly, the amount of expression divergence explained by cis-regulatory changes did not increase steadily with divergence time, as was previously proposed. Rather, one species (Drosophila sechellia) showed an excess of cis-regulatory divergence that we argue most likely resulted from positive selection in this lineage. Taken together, this work reveals not only the rate at which gene expression evolves, but also the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms responsible for this evolution.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Fontanillas P;Landry CR;Wittkopp PJ;Russ C;Gruber JD;Nusbaum C;Hartl DL
通讯作者：
Hartl DL
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Coolon, Joseph D.;Stevenson, Kraig R.;Wittkopp, Patricia J.
通讯作者：
Wittkopp, Patricia J.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Emerson, J. J.;Hsieh, Li-Ching;Li, Wen-Hsiung
通讯作者：
Li, Wen-Hsiung
影响因子：
30.8
作者：
Cowles, CR;Hirschhorn, JN;Lander, ES
通讯作者：
Lander, ES
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
DICKINSON, WJ;ROWAN, RG;BRENNAN, MD
通讯作者：
BRENNAN, MD