Structure, dynamics, and regulation of TRF1-TIN2-mediated trans- and cis-interactions on telomeric DNA.

Structure, dynamics, and regulation of TRF1-TIN2-mediated trans- and cis-interactions on telomeric DNA.
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端粒DNA上TRF1-TIN2介导的反式相互作用的结构,动力学和调节。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101080
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发表时间:
2021-09
期刊:
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wang H
Wang H
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pan H;Kaur P;Barnes R;Detwiler AC;Sanford SL;Liu M;Xu P;Mahn C;Tang Q;Hao P;Bhattaram D;You C;Gu X;Lu W;Piehler J;Xu G;Weninger K;Riehn R;Opresko PL;Wang H

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TIN2 是连接双链端粒 DNA 结合蛋白(TRF1 和 TRF2)和单链悬垂结合蛋白(TPP1-POT1)的庇护蛋白复合物的核心成分。在体内,绝大多数 TRF1 和 TRF2 存在于含有 TIN2 但缺乏 TPP1/POT1 的复合物中;然而,TRF1-TIN2 相互作用在介导与端粒 DNA 相互作用中的作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用原子力显微镜 (AFM)、全内反射荧光显微镜 (TIRFM) 和 DNA 走钢丝测定研究了 TRF1-TIN2 相互作用促进的 DNA 分子结构。我们证明,TIN2 的短亚型 (TIN2S) 和长亚型 (TIN2L) 以端粒序列和长度依赖性方式促进 TRF1 介导的 DNA 压缩(顺式相互作用)和 DNA-DNA 桥接(反式相互作用)。在短端粒 DNA 底物(六个 TTAGGG 重复序列)上,大多数 TRF1 介导的端粒 DNA-DNA 桥接事件是短暂的,寿命约为 1.95 秒。在较长的 DNA 底物(270 个 TTAGGG 重复序列)上,TIN2 与 TRF1 形成多蛋白复合物,并稳定 TRF1 介导的 DNA-DNA 桥接事件,持续数分钟左右。 TRF1 与其调节蛋白 Tankyrase 1 和辅因子 NAD+ 预孵育可显着减少 TRF1-TIN2 介导的 DNA-DNA 桥接,而 TIN2 在添加 Tankyrase 1 后保护 TRF1-TIN2 介导的 DNA-DNA 桥接的解体。此外,我们发现 TPP1 抑制 TRF1-TIN2L 介导的 DNA-DNA 桥接。我们的研究与之前的发现一起支持了一种分子模型,其中端粒上的蛋白质组装是异质的,具有不同的子复合物和完整的庇护蛋白复合物在端粒保护和伸长中发挥不同的作用。
TIN2 is a core component of the shelterin complex linking double-stranded telomeric DNA-binding proteins (TRF1 and TRF2) and single-strand overhang-binding proteins (TPP1-POT1). In vivo, the large majority of TRF1 and TRF2 exist in complexes containing TIN2 but lacking TPP1/POT1; however, the role of TRF1-TIN2 interactions in mediating interactions with telomeric DNA is unclear. Here, we investigated DNA molecular structures promoted by TRF1-TIN2 interaction using atomic force microscopy (AFM), total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), and the DNA tightrope assay. We demonstrate that the short (TIN2S) and long (TIN2L) isoforms of TIN2 facilitate TRF1-mediated DNA compaction (cis-interactions) and DNA-DNA bridging (trans-interactions) in a telomeric sequence- and length-dependent manner. On the short telomeric DNA substrate (six TTAGGG repeats), the majority of TRF1-mediated telomeric DNA-DNA bridging events are transient with a lifetime of ~1.95 s. On longer DNA substrates (270 TTAGGG repeats), TIN2 forms multiprotein complexes with TRF1 and stabilizes TRF1-mediated DNA-DNA bridging events that last on the order of minutes. Preincubation of TRF1 with its regulator protein Tankyrase 1 and the cofactor NAD+ significantly reduced TRF1-TIN2 mediated DNA-DNA bridging, whereas TIN2 protected the disassembly of TRF1-TIN2 mediated DNA-DNA bridging upon Tankyrase 1 addition. Furthermore, we showed that TPP1 inhibits TRF1-TIN2L-mediated DNA-DNA bridging. Our study, together with previous findings, supports a molecular model in which protein assemblies at telomeres are heterogeneous with distinct subcomplexes and full shelterin complexes playing distinct roles in telomere protection and elongation.
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