Stem cells for ischemic brain injury: a critical review.
Stem cells for ischemic brain injury: a critical review.
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缺血性脑损伤的干细胞：批判性综述。
DOI：
10.1002/cne.22038
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Low WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burns TC;Verfaillie CM;Low WC
目前尚无有效的治疗方法来促进缺血性脑卒中后的康复。干细胞被认为是替代因中枢神经系统损伤而丢失的新细胞的潜在来源，也是减少损伤和促进恢复的营养分子的来源。我们对最近的基础科学和临床前研究的数据进行了详细的回顾，以研究内源性和外源性干细胞治疗脑缺血的潜在应用。到目前为止，自发性内源性神经发生已被观察到对缺血性损伤的反应，并且可以通过注入适当的细胞因子来增强。来自多种来源的外源性干细胞可以在中风损伤的大脑中移植后产生存活并形成突触连接的神经细胞。来自多种来源的干细胞也表现出可能改善中风缺陷的神经保护特性。在许多情况下，观察到的功能益处可能独立于神经分化，尽管确切的机制仍然知之甚少。未来的神经再生研究将需要证明内源性出生的神经元在局灶缺血后的功能。此外，目前还缺乏明确证明新引入的神经细胞的治疗效果的方法。卒中后可塑性的增加可能促进新神经元的功能整合，但梗死腔中适当的引导线索和支持结构的丧失可能会阻碍丢失电路的恢复。因此，对潜在营养效益的机制进行仔细的调查将是必不可少的。迄今为止的证据表明，干细胞疗法的持续发展可能最终导致缺血性脑损伤的可行治疗选择。
No effective therapy is currently available to promote recovery following ischemic stroke. Stem cells have been proposed as a potential source of new cells to replace those lost due to central nervous system injury, as well as a source of trophic molecules to minimize damage and promote recovery. We undertook a detailed review of data from recent basic science and preclinical studies to investigate the potential application of endogenous and exogenous stem cell therapies for treatment of cerebral ischemia. To date, spontaneous endogenous neurogenesis has been observed in response to ischemic injury, and can be enhanced via infusion of appropriate cytokines. Exogenous stem cells from multiple sources can generate neural cells that survive and form synaptic connections after transplantation in the stroke-injured brain. Stem cells from multiple sources cells also exhibit neuroprotective properties that may ameliorate stroke deficits. In many cases, functional benefits observed are likely independent of neural differentiation, though exact mechanisms remain poorly understood. Future studies of neuroregeneration will require the demonstration of function in endogenously born neurons following focal ischemia. Further, methods are currently lacking to definitively demonstrate the therapeutic effect of newly introduced neural cells. Increased plasticity following stroke may facilitate the functional integration of new neurons, but the loss of appropriate guidance cues and supporting architecture in the infarct cavity will likely impede the restoration of lost circuitry. As such careful investigation of the mechanisms underlying trophic benefits will be essential. Evidence to date suggest that continued development of stem cell therapies may ultimately lead to viable treatment options for ischemic brain injury.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03206631
发表时间：
2004-10-01
期刊：
NeuroRx : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Barker, Roger A;Widner, Hakan
通讯作者：
Widner, Hakan
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Alvarez-Dolado, M;Pardal, R;Alvarez-Buylla, A
通讯作者：
Alvarez-Buylla, A
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Batchelor, PE;Porritt, MJ;Howells, DW
通讯作者：
Howells, DW
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Assanah, Marcela;Lochhead, Richard;Canoll, Peter
通讯作者：
Canoll, Peter
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Benraiss, A;Chmielnicki, E;Goldman, SA
通讯作者：
Goldman, SA