Roles of the 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase Superfamily in the Flavonoid Pathway: A Review of the Functional Diversity of F3H, FNS I, FLS, and LDOX/ANS.
Roles of the 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase Superfamily in the Flavonoid Pathway: A Review of the Functional Diversity of F3H, FNS I, FLS, and LDOX/ANS.
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2-氧化戊二酸依赖性双加氧酶超家族在类黄酮途径中的作用：F3H、FNS I、FLS 和 LDOX/ANS 功能多样性综述
DOI：
10.3390/molecules26216745
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发表时间：
2021-11-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Y;Shi Y;Li K;Yang D;Liu N;Zhang L;Zhao L;Zhang X;Liu Y;Gao L;Xia T;Wang P
2-酮戊二酸依赖性双加氧酶（2-OGD）超家族是植物中最大的蛋白质家族之一。它们在植物中催化的主要氧化反应是羟基化、去饱和、去甲基化、差向异构化和卤化。2-OGD超家族的四个成员，即，黄酮3β-羟化酶（F3 H）、黄酮合酶I（FNS I）、黄酮醇合酶（FLS）和花青素合酶（ANS）/无色花青素双加氧酶（LDOX）存在于类黄酮途径中，催化羟基化和去饱和反应。本文综述了近年来这类蛋白质的研究进展，从其酶活性的发现、功能的验证，到介导植物逆境应答的分析。底物多样性分析表明，F3 H、FNS Ⅰ、ANS/LDOX和FLS在类黄酮代谢途径中发挥各自的优势功能，尽管它们之间存在功能冗余。系统发育树将FNS Ⅰ分为两类，一类主要参与FNS活性，另一类是被子植物中存在的一种新型FNS，主要参与SA的C-5羟基化。此外，一类新的LDOX被强调，它可以催化（+）-儿茶素转化为花青素，进一步影响的起始和延伸单元组成的原花青素（PA）。对这些酶的功能多样性和进化关系的系统描述有助于理解它们在植物代谢中的作用。另一方面，它为黄酮类化合物从低等植物到高等植物的化学进化提供了分子遗传学证据，促进了植物对恶劣环境的适应。
The 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-OGD) superfamily is one of the largest protein families in plants. The main oxidation reactions they catalyze in plants are hydroxylation, desaturation, demethylation, epimerization, and halogenation. Four members of the 2-OGD superfamily, i.e., flavonone 3β-hydroxylase (F3H), flavones synthase I (FNS I), flavonol synthase (FLS), and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS)/leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), are present in the flavonoid pathway, catalyzing hydroxylation and desaturation reactions. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress on these proteins, from the discovery of their enzymatic activity, to their functional verification, to the analysis of the response they mediate in plants towards adversity. Substrate diversity analysis indicated that F3H, FNS Ⅰ, ANS/LDOX, and FLS perform their respective dominant functions in the flavonoid pathway, despite the presence of functional redundancy among them. The phylogenetic tree classified two types of FNS Ⅰ, one mainly performing FNS activity, and the other, a new type of FNS present in angiosperms, mainly involved in C-5 hydroxylation of SA. Additionally, a new class of LDOXs is highlighted, which can catalyze the conversion of (+)-catechin to cyanidin, further influencing the starter and extension unit composition of proanthocyanidins (PAs). The systematical description of the functional diversity and evolutionary relationship among these enzymes can facilitate the understanding of their impacts on plant metabolism. On the other hand, it provides molecular genetic evidence of the chemical evolution of flavonoids from lower to higher plants, promoting plant adaptation to harsh environments.
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影响因子：
5.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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