Genetic background influences age-related decline in visual and nonvisual retinal responses, circadian rhythms, and sleep.

Genetic background influences age-related decline in visual and nonvisual retinal responses, circadian rhythms, and sleep.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.07.040
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发表时间:
2015-01
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Nolan PM
Nolan PM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Banks G;Heise I;Starbuck B;Osborne T;Wisby L;Potter P;Jackson IJ;Foster RG;Peirson SN;Nolan PM

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昼夜节律系统通过视网膜光感受器参与环境光/暗循环,并调节生理和行为的许多方面,包括睡眠。这些过程都是健康衰老的关键因素,随着年龄的增长而逐渐衰退。尽管它们很重要,但这种下降背后的确切机制尚未完全了解。我们了解这些过程背后的遗传因素的最有效工具之一是遗传近交系小鼠品系。最常用的参考小鼠品系是 C57BL/6J,但最近,国际敲除小鼠联盟等资源已开始在纯遗传背景 C57BL/6N 上生产大量小鼠突变品系。考虑到小鼠品系之间存在巨大的遗传多样性,我们预计这些品系和其他品系中存在表型差异,包括衰老的差异效应。需要对这些差异进行表征,不仅可以确定不同的小鼠品系如何模拟衰老过程,还可以了解遗传背景如何改变与年龄相关的表型。为了确定衰老对睡眠/觉醒行为、昼夜节律和光输入的影响以及这些影响是否依赖于小鼠品系,我们在整个生命周期的 5 个年龄阶段筛选了 C57BL/6J、C57BL/6N、C3H-HeH 和 C3H-Pde6b+ 小鼠品系。我们的数据显示,睡眠、昼夜节律和光输入参数都会受到衰老过程的干扰。此外,我们还列出了许多特定于应变的衰老效应,包括白内障发生率、瞳孔光反应下降、睡眠碎片化和睡眠时间比例的变化。
The circadian system is entrained to the environmental light/dark cycle via retinal photoreceptors and regulates numerous aspects of physiology and behavior, including sleep. These processes are all key factors in healthy aging showing a gradual decline with age. Despite their importance, the exact mechanisms underlying this decline are yet to be fully understood. One of the most effective tools we have to understand the genetic factors underlying these processes are genetically inbred mouse strains. The most commonly used reference mouse strain is C57BL/6J, but recently, resources such as the International Knockout Mouse Consortium have started producing large numbers of mouse mutant lines on a pure genetic background, C57BL/6N. Considering the substantial genetic diversity between mouse strains we expect there to be phenotypic differences, including differential effects of aging, in these and other strains. Such differences need to be characterized not only to establish how different mouse strains may model the aging process but also to understand how genetic background might modify age-related phenotypes. To ascertain the effects of aging on sleep/wake behavior, circadian rhythms, and light input and whether these effects are mouse strain-dependent, we have screened C57BL/6J, C57BL/6N, C3H-HeH, and C3H-Pde6b+ mouse strains at 5 ages throughout their life span. Our data show that sleep, circadian, and light input parameters are all disrupted by the aging process. Moreover, we have cataloged a number of strain-specific aging effects, including the rate of cataract development, decline in the pupillary light response, and changes in sleep fragmentation and the proportion of time spent asleep.
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