Characterization of phthalate exposure among pregnant women assessed by repeat air and urine samples.
Characterization of phthalate exposure among pregnant women assessed by repeat air and urine samples.
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通过重复空气和尿液样本评估孕妇邻苯二甲酸盐暴露的特征。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.10749
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发表时间：
2008-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Hauser, Russ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adibi, Jennifer J.;Whyatt, Robin M.;Williams, Paige L.;Calafat, Antonia M.;Camann, David;Herrick, Robert;Nelson, Heather;Bhat, Hari K.;Perera, Frederica A.;Silva, Manori J.;Hauser, Russ
关键词：
虽然邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的尿液浓度经常被用作流行病学研究中的生物标志物，但妊娠期间的变异性尚未得到表征。我们测量了从246名多米尼加和非洲裔美国孕妇采集的尿液样本中邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的浓度。28名妇女在6周内重复收集尿样。我们还分析了48小时的个人空气样本（n = 96名妇女）和重复的室内空气样本（n = 32个家庭）的五个邻苯二甲酸二酯。通过组内相关系数（ICC）拟合混合效应模型以评价重现性。我们评估了使用单一样本与重复样本对女性暴露进行低或高类别分类的灵敏度和特异性。在85 - 100%的空气和尿液样本中检测到邻苯二甲酸酯。未校正尿液代谢物浓度的ICC范围为邻苯二甲酸单乙酯的0.30至邻苯二甲酸单苄酯的0.66。对于室内空气，ICC的范围为0.48 [邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯（DEHP）]至0.83 [邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯（BBzP）]。邻苯二甲酸二酯的空气水平与其各自的尿代谢物浓度相关BBzP（r = 0.71），邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（r = 0.44），邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP; r = 0.39）。在妊娠晚期采样的女性中，比重似乎比肌酐在调整尿液稀释方面更有效。孕妇尿中DEP和DEHP代谢物浓度的重现性低于邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和BBzP代谢物。一个单一的室内空气样本可能足以表征邻苯二甲酸酯暴露在家里，而尿邻苯二甲酸酯生物标志物应在怀孕期间纵向采样，以尽量减少暴露错误分类。
Although urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites are frequently used as biomarkers in epidemiologic studies, variability during pregnancy has not been characterized. We measured phthalate metabolite concentrations in spot urine samples collected from 246 pregnant Dominican and African-American women. Twenty-eight women had repeat urine samples collected over a 6-week period. We also analyzed 48-hr personal air samples (n = 96 women) and repeated indoor air samples (n = 32 homes) for five phthalate diesters. Mixed-effects models were fit to evaluate reproducibility via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of using a single specimen versus repeat samples to classify a woman’s exposure in the low or high category. Phthalates were detected in 85–100% of air and urine samples. ICCs for the unadjusted urinary metabolite concentrations ranged from 0.30 for mono-ethyl phthalate to 0.66 for monobenzyl phthalate. For indoor air, ICCs ranged from 0.48 [di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)] to 0.83 [butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP)]. Air levels of phthalate diesters correlated with their respective urinary metabolite concentrations for BBzP (r = 0.71), di-isobutyl phthalate (r = 0.44), and diethyl phthalate (DEP; r = 0.39). In women sampled late in pregnancy, specific gravity appeared to be more effective than creatinine in adjusting for urine dilution. Urinary concentrations of DEP and DEHP metabolites in pregnant women showed lower reproducibility than metabolites for di-n-butyl phthalate and BBzP. A single indoor air sample may be sufficient to characterize phthalate exposure in the home, whereas urinary phthalate biomarkers should be sampled longitudinally during pregnancy to minimize exposure misclassification.
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Kato, K;Silva, MJ;Calafat, AM
通讯作者：
Calafat, AM
影响因子：
--
作者：
Koch, HM;Preuss, R;Angerer, J
通讯作者：
Angerer, J
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Adibi, Jennifer J;Perera, Frederica P;Jedrychowski, Wieslaw;Camann, David E;Barr, Dana;Jacek, Ryszard;Whyatt, Robin M
通讯作者：
Whyatt, Robin M
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Blount, BC;Milgram, KE;Brock, JW
通讯作者：
Brock, JW
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1371.018
发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
LIVING IN A CHEMICAL WORLD: FRAMING THE FUTURE IN LIGHT OF THE PAST
影响因子：
--
作者：
Perera, Frederica;Viswanathan, Sheila;Rauh, Virginia
通讯作者：
Rauh, Virginia