Size‐based ecological interactions drive food web responses to climate warming
Size‐based ecological interactions drive food web responses to climate warming
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基于大小的生态相互作用驱动食物网对气候变暖的反应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Gårdmark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Lindmark;J. Ohlberger;Magnus Huss;A. Gårdmark
预测气候变化对动物种群和群落的影响需要了解直接生理反应和通过生态相互作用产生的间接影响之间的反馈。依赖食物的个体生长和种内大小变化通过个体表现和种群大小结构之间的反馈，对种群和群落的动态产生重要影响。此外，证据表明温度和种群规模结构之间存在联系，但我们缺乏对当生活史过程依赖于食物时，物种相互作用是如何调节这一联系的理解。在这里，我们使用一个动态阶段结构的生物量模型，该模型具有依赖于食物、大小和温度的生活史过程，以评估温度如何影响三营养食物链中的共存、稳定性和大小结构。我们发现，捕食者的生物量密度随着气候变暖而逐渐下降，或者以崩溃的形式下降，这取决于它们主要以哪个消费生命阶段为食。当气候变暖破坏群落的稳定，并通过Allee效应导致另一种稳定状态时，就会发生崩溃。Allee效应是捕食者通过捕食来促进自己的食物来源时出现的。相比之下，除非捕食者只以幼鱼为食，否则随着极限循环转向固定点动态，低温变暖可以稳定群落。在较温暖的环境中体型较大的成本增加，会加速捕食者持久性和群落平均体型的下降。这些结果表明，当考虑到生活史过程中对大小和食物的依赖时，捕食者在温暖气候中的持久性可能比之前承认的要低，物种内部和物种之间的相互作用可以调节变暖对食物网稳定性的影响。意义气候变暖正在改变世界范围内水生生态系统的动态和结构。预测温度升高下的食物网重组需要了解生物体的生理反应和生态相互作用，这两者都取决于身体大小。我们表明，物种内的大小变化、依赖食物的生长和生态相互作用至关重要地影响着食物链对气候变暖的反应。具体地说，气候变暖可能会稳定或破坏食物链的稳定，并使捕食者面临更大的突然崩溃风险，导致替代稳定的食物链状态。气温升高会导致群落平均体型急剧减少，这主要是由于顶级捕食者的丧失。气候变暖造成的主要挑战包括生物多样性的潜在丧失和生态系统稳定性的变化。
Predicting the impacts of climate change on animal populations and communities requires understanding of feedbacks between direct physiological responses and indirect effects via ecological interactions. Food-dependent body growth and within-species size variation have major effects on dynamics of populations and communities through feedbacks between individual performance and population size structure. Moreover, evidence suggests a link between temperature and population size structure, but we lack an understanding of how this is mediated by species interactions when life history processes are food-dependent. Here, we use a dynamic stage-structured biomass model with food-, size- and temperature-dependent life history processes to assess how temperature affects coexistence, stability and size structure in a tri-trophic food chain. We show that predator biomass densities decline with warming either gradually or in the form of collapses, depending on which consumer life stage they predominantly feed on. Collapses occur when warming destabilizes the community and induces alternative stable states via Allee effects, which emerge when predators promote their own food source through predation. By contrast, warming at low temperatures stabilizes the community as limit cycles turn to fixed point dynamics, unless predators feed only on juveniles. Elevated costs of being large in warmer environments accelerate the decline in predator persistence and mean body size of the community. These results suggest that predator persistence in warmer climates may be lower than previously acknowledged when accounting for size- and food-dependence of life history processes, and that interactions within and between species can mediate the effects of warming on food web stability. Significance Climate warming is altering the dynamics and structure of aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Predicting food web reorganization under rising temperatures requires an understanding of physiological responses and ecological interactions of organisms, both of which depend on body size. We show that size variation within species, food-dependent growth and ecological interactions critically affect how food chains respond to warming. Specifically, warming can stabilize or destabilize food chains and expose predators to increased risk of sudden collapses, resulting in alternative stable food web states. Increasing temperatures can cause abrupt reductions in mean community body size, primarily due to loss of top predators. The potential loss of biodiversity and shifts in ecosystem stability are among the major challenges caused by a warming climate.
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影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Arne Schröder;A. van Leeuwen;T. Cameron
通讯作者：
Arne Schröder;A. van Leeuwen;T. Cameron
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.12064
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
The Journal of animal ecology
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Reuman;R. Holt;G. Yvon‐Durocher
通讯作者：
D. Reuman;R. Holt;G. Yvon‐Durocher
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2012.0230
发表时间：
2012-11-05
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Binzer, Amrei;Guill, Christian;Rall, Bjoern C.
通讯作者：
Rall, Bjoern C.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Horne, Curtis R.;Hirst, Andrew. G.;Atkinson, David
通讯作者：
Atkinson, David