The role of neutralizing antibodies in prevention of HIV-1 infection: what can we learn from the mother-to-child transmission context?
The role of neutralizing antibodies in prevention of HIV-1 infection: what can we learn from the mother-to-child transmission context?
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DOI：
10.1186/1742-4690-10-103
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发表时间：
2013-10-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Barin F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braibant M;Barin F
在大多数病毒感染中，现有疫苗的保护与疫苗诱导的中和抗体(NAB)的存在有关。然而，在艾滋病被发现30多年后，设计一种能够诱导抗体的免疫原，从而中和高度多样化的艾滋病毒-1变种，仍然是人类微生物学最令人困惑的挑战之一。可以在母婴传播(MTCT)的自然情况下研究抗体在预防艾滋病毒-1中的作用。事实上，至少在怀孕结束时，免疫球蛋白类的母体抗体被动地转移到胎儿身上，保护新生儿在生命的头几周或几个月里免受新的感染。在过去的几年里，这篇综述中提出的强有力的数据表明，一些NAB可能对新生儿HIV-1感染具有保护作用。在传播的情况下，已经表明，从母亲传播给婴儿的病毒群体通常是同质的、受遗传限制的，并且对母亲艾滋病毒-1特异性抗体具有抵抗力。尽管中和呼吸与保护无关，但不排除针对特定HIV-1毒株的NAB可能与较低的MTCT率有关。更好地鉴定可介导对HIV-1 MTCT的保护的抗体特异性将为了解抗体反应提供重要的见解，这将对疫苗开发有用。最令人信服的数据表明，NABS对HIV-1感染具有很强的保护作用，这是通过用第一代人单抗广谱中和抗体(HuMoNAbs)被动免疫新生猕猴的实验获得的。然而，这些研究只包括少数选定的B亚型挑战病毒，提供的数据仅限于对数量非常有限的分离株的保护，因此在解决艾滋病毒-1的高度变异性方面存在局限性。最近发现的高效第二代交叉分支HuMoNAbs为评估被动免疫预防HIV-1母婴传播的有效性提供了新的机会。
In most viral infections, protection through existing vaccines is linked to the presence of vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). However, more than 30 years after the identification of AIDS, the design of an immunogen able to induce antibodies that would neutralize the highly diverse HIV-1 variants remains one of the most puzzling challenges of the human microbiology. The role of antibodies in protection against HIV-1 can be studied in a natural situation that is the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) context. Indeed, at least at the end of pregnancy, maternal antibodies of the IgG class are passively transferred to the fetus protecting the neonate from new infections during the first weeks or months of life. During the last few years, strong data, presented in this review, have suggested that some NAbs might confer protection toward neonatal HIV-1 infection. In cases of transmission, it has been shown that the viral population that is transmitted from the mother to the infant is usually homogeneous, genetically restricted and resistant to the maternal HIV-1-specific antibodies. Although the breath of neutralization was not associated with protection, it has not been excluded that NAbs toward specific HIV-1 strains might be associated with a lower rate of MTCT. A better identification of the antibody specificities that could mediate protection toward MTCT of HIV-1 would provide important insights into the antibody responses that would be useful for vaccine development. The most convincing data suggesting that NAbs migh confer protection against HIV-1 infection have been obtained by experiments of passive immunization of newborn macaques with the first generation of human monoclonal broadly neutralizing antibodies (HuMoNAbs). However, these studies, which included only a few selected subtype B challenge viruses, provide data limited to protection against a very restricted number of isolates and therefore have limitations in addressing the hypervariability of HIV-1. The recent identification of highly potent second-generation cross-clade HuMoNAbs provides a new opportunity to evaluate the efficacy of passive immunization to prevent MTCT of HIV-1.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Corti D;Langedijk JP;Hinz A;Seaman MS;Vanzetta F;Fernandez-Rodriguez BM;Silacci C;Pinna D;Jarrossay D;Balla-Jhagjhoorsingh S;Willems B;Zekveld MJ;Dreja H;O'Sullivan E;Pade C;Orkin C;Jeffs SA;Montefiori DC;Davis D;Weissenhorn W;McKnight A;Heeney JL;Sallusto F;Sattentau QJ;Weiss RA;Lanzavecchia A
通讯作者：
Lanzavecchia A
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
ANDREASSON, PA;DIAS, F;BIBERFELD, G
通讯作者：
BIBERFELD, G
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
ADJORLOLOJOHNSON, G;DECOCK, KM;GAYLE, HD
通讯作者：
GAYLE, HD
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1103012108
发表时间：
2011-07-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Burton, Dennis R.;Hessell, Ann J.;Moore, John P.
通讯作者：
Moore, John P.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Berman, PW;Huang, W;Gregory, TJ
通讯作者：
Gregory, TJ