Synaptic and extrasynaptic factors governing glutamatergic retinal waves.
Synaptic and extrasynaptic factors governing glutamatergic retinal waves.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2009.03.015
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发表时间：
2009-04-30
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Feller, Marla B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blankenship, Aaron G.;Ford, Kevin J.;Johnson, Juliette;Seal, Rebecca P.;Edwards, Robert H.;Copenhagen, David R.;Feller, Marla B.
在小鼠睁开眼睛之前的几天里，波背后的兴奋驱动从胆碱能转换为谷氨酸能。在这里，我们描述了独特的突触和时空特性的波所产生的视网膜的神经元能电路。首先，缺乏囊泡谷氨酸转运体1型的敲除小鼠没有谷氨酸能波，但继续表现出胆碱能波，第一次证明了两个波产生电路是相连的。其次，同时由外向外的补丁和全细胞记录显示，视网膜波伴随着短暂的增加突触外谷氨酸，直接证明存在谷氨酸溢出波。第三，视网膜波的起始速率和传播速度，如钙成像所测定的，对溢出和抑制的药理学操作敏感，证明了两种信号传导途径在塑造视网膜能波的时空特性中的作用。
In the few days prior to eye-opening in mice, the excitatory drive underlying waves switches from cholinergic to glutamatergic. Here, we describe the unique synaptic and spatiotemporal properties of waves generated by the retina’s glutamatergic circuits. First, knockout mice lacking vesicular glutamate transporter type 1 do not have glutamatergic waves, but continue to exhibit cholinergic waves, demonstrating for the first time that the two wave generating circuits are linked. Second, simultaneous outside-out patch and whole-cell recordings reveal that retinal waves are accompanied by transient increases in extrasynaptic glutamate, directly demonstrating the existence of glutamate spillover during waves. Third, the initiation rate and propagation speed of retinal waves, as assayed by calcium imaging, are sensitive to pharmacological manipulations of spillover and inhibition, demonstrating a role for both signaling pathways in shaping the spatiotemporal properties of glutamatergic retinal waves.
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